Examius
🇮🇳 NEET PG · flashcards
NEET PG Dermatology Flashcards
51 question-and-answer cards covering Dermatology as it is examined in NEET PG. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Dermatology deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What is the causative organism of tinea (dermatophytosis) and the diagnostic bedside test?
Dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton); KOH mount of skin scrapings shows septate branching hyphae.
What organism causes pityriasis (tinea) versicolor and what is its KOH appearance?
Malassezia furfur; KOH shows a 'spaghetti and meatballs' appearance (short hyphae with round spores).
What is the most specific cutaneous sign and the most common rash of systemic lupus erythematosus?
Most specific cutaneous lesion: discoid lupus; most common is the malar (butterfly) rash sparing the nasolabial folds.
Which autoantibodies are most specific for SLE?
Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and anti-Smith (anti-Sm) antibodies.
Name the two pathognomonic cutaneous signs of dermatomyositis.
Gottron papules (violaceous papules over knuckles/MCP and PIP joints) and the heliotrope rash (violaceous periorbital edema).
Which autoantibody in dermatomyositis is associated with increased malignancy risk?
Anti-TIF1-gamma (anti-p155/140) antibodies.
Differentiate limited from diffuse systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).
Limited (CREST) involves skin distal to elbows/knees plus face, with anti-centromere antibodies; diffuse involves proximal skin and trunk with anti-Scl-70 (anti-topoisomerase I) and higher organ involvement.
What does the CREST syndrome acronym stand for?
Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, and Telangiectasia.
What is the pathogenesis of vitiligo and its histologic hallmark?
Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes; histology shows absence of melanocytes in affected epidermis.
What examination tool accentuates vitiligo patches and how do they appear?
Wood's lamp; vitiligo patches show bright blue-white (chalk-white) fluorescence with sharp margins.
What is melasma and what are its main triggers?
An acquired symmetric hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed areas (face); triggers include UV exposure, pregnancy (chloasma), oral contraceptives, and genetic/hormonal factors.
What is the gold-standard topical treatment for melasma?
Triple combination cream (Kligman's formula): hydroquinone + tretinoin + a topical corticosteroid, plus strict photoprotection.
What causes post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and how does dermal versus epidermal pigment differ in treatment?
Excess melanin after inflammation/injury; epidermal pigment (brown) responds to topical lighteners, whereas dermal pigment (blue-gray) is more resistant and may need lasers.
What is the characteristic clinical sign and hair finding in alopecia areata?
Well-demarcated round patches of nonscarring hair loss with 'exclamation mark' hairs at the margins.
What hormone and enzyme drive androgenetic alopecia, and name two evidence-based treatments.
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), produced by 5-alpha-reductase; treatments are topical minoxidil and oral finasteride (a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor).
What is onychomycosis, the most common causative organism, and a first-line oral therapy?
Fungal nail infection, most commonly by Trichophyton rubrum; first-line oral therapy is terbinafine.
What is epidermolysis bullosa and what distinguishes the simplex, junctional, and dystrophic types?
A group of inherited blistering disorders from skin fragility; simplex (keratin 5/14, intraepidermal), junctional (laminin-332, at lamina lucida), and dystrophic (type VII collagen, below lamina densa, scarring).
List the diagnostic cutaneous features of neurofibromatosis type 1.
Six or more cafe-au-lait macules, axillary/inguinal freckling (Crowe sign), neurofibromas, and Lisch nodules (iris hamartomas).
What is the most common skin cancer, its typical clinical appearance, and metastatic potential?
Basal cell carcinoma; a pearly papule with rolled borders, telangiectasias, and central ulceration; it rarely metastasizes but is locally invasive.
What are key risk factors and the histologic hallmark of squamous cell carcinoma?
Chronic UV exposure, immunosuppression, HPV, and chronic wounds/scars (Marjolin ulcer); histology shows atypical keratinocytes with keratin pearls; it has higher metastatic potential than BCC.
What is the most important prognostic factor in melanoma, and what does the ABCDE rule stand for?
Breslow thickness (tumor depth) is the most important prognostic factor; ABCDE = Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter >6 mm, Evolution.
What is the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin in cosmetic use, and how long do effects typically last?
It blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction (cleaving SNARE protein SNAP-25), causing temporary muscle paralysis; effects last about 3-4 months.
What is the most common dermal filler material and the most feared serious complication?
Hyaluronic acid (reversible with hyaluronidase); the most feared complication is vascular occlusion causing skin necrosis or blindness.
Classify chemical peels by depth and give an agent for each.
Superficial (glycolic acid, salicylic acid, 10-30% TCA), medium (35-50% TCA, Jessner's solution), and deep (phenol/Baker-Gordon solution).
What this deck covers
The Dermatology deck follows the NEET PG Dermatology syllabus — 10 chapters and 28 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 5.1 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 132 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Dermatology flashcards FAQ
How many Dermatology flashcards are in this NEET PG deck?
51 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these NEET PG flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 51-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Dermatology cards cover?
They follow the NEET PG Dermatology syllabus — 10 chapters and 28 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.