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FMGE Social and Preventive Medicine Flashcards
51 question-and-answer cards covering Social and Preventive Medicine as it is examined in FMGE. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Social and Preventive Medicine deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
List common probability (random) sampling methods.
Simple random sampling, Systematic sampling, Stratified sampling, Cluster sampling, and Multistage sampling.
What is a normal (Gaussian) distribution and its key features?
A symmetric, bell-shaped distribution where mean = median = mode, defined by mean and SD; ~68%/95%/99.7% of values fall within 1/2/3 SDs of the mean.
Define a null hypothesis and a p-value.
Null hypothesis (H0) states there is no difference/association. The p-value is the probability of obtaining the observed (or more extreme) result if H0 were true; p<0.05 is conventionally taken as statistically significant (reject H0).
Differentiate Type I and Type II errors.
Type I error (α) = rejecting a true null hypothesis (false positive). Type II error (β) = failing to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative). Power of a study = 1 − β.
Which statistical test compares means of two groups, and which compares proportions?
Student's t-test compares means of two groups (ANOVA for >2 means). Chi-square test compares proportions/categorical data between groups.
Name commonly used software for epidemiological data analysis.
Epi Info (CDC, free), SPSS, STATA, SAS, R, and Microsoft Excel; Epi Info is widely used for outbreak investigation and field epidemiology.
Define health information and list its key sources in India.
Health information is organized data on health status used for planning/decision-making. Sources include census, civil registration (births/deaths), sample registration system (SRS), notification of diseases, hospital records, disease registries, and national health surveys (NFHS).
What is the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) in India?
A decentralized, state-based surveillance system (launched 2004) to detect and respond to early warning signals of disease outbreaks; data flow weekly through S (suspected), P (presumptive/clinical), and L (lab-confirmed) reporting forms.
Differentiate active and passive surveillance.
Passive surveillance: health facilities routinely report cases to authorities (cheaper, underreports). Active surveillance: authorities actively seek case data from providers/communities (more complete, costlier), used in outbreaks and eradication programmes.
State the formula for the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR).
IMR = (Number of infant deaths (<1 year) during a year / Number of live births in the same year) × 1000. It is a sensitive indicator of community health and socioeconomic development.
State the formula for Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR).
MMR = (Number of maternal deaths / Number of live births) × 100,000. A maternal death is death during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination from pregnancy-related causes.
What are the components of the Health Belief Model (HBM)?
Perceived susceptibility, Perceived severity, Perceived benefits, Perceived barriers, Cues to action, and Self-efficacy — explaining health-related behavior change.
Name the stages of the Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model.
Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance (and sometimes Relapse) — describing readiness to change behavior.
What are the five action areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986)?
Build healthy public policy, Create supportive environments, Strengthen community action, Develop personal skills, and Reorient health services.
Compare individual, group, and mass approaches in health education.
Individual (personal contact/counselling—most effective, tailored, limited reach), Group (lectures, demonstrations, discussions—moderate reach), Mass media (TV, radio, posters—widest reach but least personal/persuasive). Combining methods is most effective.
What is community participation/empowerment in public health?
The active involvement of the community in planning, implementing, and evaluating health programmes, enabling people to gain control over the determinants of their health; a core principle of Primary Health Care.
List the major categories of environmental health hazards.
Physical (radiation, heat, noise), Chemical (heavy metals, pesticides, pollutants), Biological (bacteria, viruses, vectors), Mechanical (injuries), and Psychosocial (stress) hazards.
What are the acceptable WHO/standard limits for residual chlorine and a clear water turbidity?
Free residual chlorine should be ~0.5 mg/L after 1 hour of contact for safe drinking water; turbidity should ideally be below 1 NTU (and not exceed 5 NTU).
Name the key greenhouse gases and a major health effect of climate change.
Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapour. Health effects include heat-related illness, expansion of vector-borne diseases (malaria, dengue), food/water insecurity, and respiratory disease from air pollution.
What is the calorie requirement and the protein RDA for a reference Indian adult (ICMR)?
Reference adult man (sedentary) ~2110–2320 kcal/day; protein RDA ~0.8–1 g/kg body weight/day (≈ 1 g/kg). Requirements vary with activity, pregnancy, and lactation.
Differentiate marasmus and kwashiorkor.
Marasmus: severe energy (calorie) deficiency—gross wasting, no edema, marked weight loss, 'old man' face. Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency—edema, hepatomegaly, hair/skin changes, with relatively preserved subcutaneous fat. Both are forms of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).
Name two major national nutrition programmes in India.
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme (supplementary nutrition, immunization, health checkup, preschool education for under-6s and pregnant/lactating women) and the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme; also the Mid-Day Meal Scheme and Vitamin A prophylaxis programme.
What are the components of antenatal care and the recommended minimum number of ANC visits?
ANC includes registration, history/exam, weight & BP monitoring, abdominal exam, anemia/lab tests, TT immunization, iron-folic acid supplementation, and counselling. WHO recommends at least 8 ANC contacts (India's earlier norm was a minimum of 4 visits).
What occupational lung disease is caused by silica dust, and what term describes the broad category of dust-induced lung diseases?
Silica (silicon dioxide) dust causes silicosis. The broad category of lung diseases caused by inhalation of dust is pneumoconiosis (e.g., silicosis, asbestosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis/anthracosis, byssinosis from cotton dust).
What this deck covers
The Social and Preventive Medicine deck follows the FMGE Social and Preventive Medicine syllabus — 10 chapters and 38 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 5.1 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 200 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Social and Preventive Medicine flashcards FAQ
How many Social and Preventive Medicine flashcards are in this FMGE deck?
51 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these FMGE flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 51-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Social and Preventive Medicine cards cover?
They follow the FMGE Social and Preventive Medicine syllabus — 10 chapters and 38 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.