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🇮🇳 UGC NET Physical Education · flashcards
UGC NET Physical Education Subject -II Flashcards
55 question-and-answer cards covering Subject -II as it is examined in UGC NET Physical Education. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Subject -II deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What are kinesthetic (proprioceptive) sense organs?
Specialized sensory receptors that provide information about body position, movement, muscle tension, and joint angle, including muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint receptors.
Compare the functions of the muscle spindle and the Golgi tendon organ.
The muscle spindle detects changes in muscle length and rate of stretch, triggering the stretch reflex; the Golgi tendon organ detects muscle tension and protects against excessive force by causing reflex relaxation (inverse stretch reflex).
How does the nervous system exert neural control of motor skills?
Through coordinated action of the motor cortex (planning and initiation), cerebellum (coordination, timing, balance), basal ganglia (movement regulation), spinal reflexes, and proprioceptive feedback for refined, skilled movement.
What is meant by the biochemical aspects of exercise?
The study of the chemical reactions and energy transformations — especially ATP production and breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins — that supply energy for muscular work.
What is the immediate energy currency for muscular contraction?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP); its hydrolysis releases energy: $$\ce{ATP + H2O -> ADP + P_i + energy}$$
Describe the metabolism of carbohydrates as an energy source.
Carbohydrates are broken down to glucose, which undergoes glycolysis to pyruvate; aerobically pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain, and anaerobically it is converted to lactic acid.
Describe the metabolism of fats during exercise.
Triglycerides are broken down (lipolysis) into glycerol and free fatty acids; fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to acetyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle, yielding large amounts of ATP aerobically.
How are proteins used in energy metabolism?
Proteins are broken into amino acids which can be deaminated and converted (via gluconeogenesis or directly) into intermediates for the Krebs cycle; they contribute minimally (about 5-10%) to energy, mainly during prolonged exercise.
Name the three energy systems supplying ATP for muscular work.
The ATP-PC (phosphagen) system, the anaerobic glycolytic (lactic acid) system, and the aerobic (oxidative) system.
Describe the ATP-PC (phosphagen) energy system.
An immediate anaerobic system in which phosphocreatine is broken down to rapidly resynthesize ATP: $$\ce{PC + ADP -> ATP + creatine}$$ Lasts about 8-10 seconds; fuels short, explosive efforts.
Describe the anaerobic glycolytic (lactic acid) system.
Glucose/glycogen is broken down without oxygen to produce ATP and lactic acid; it provides energy for high-intensity efforts lasting roughly 30 seconds to 2 minutes and yields a net 2 ATP per glucose.
Describe the aerobic (oxidative) energy system.
Using oxygen, carbohydrates and fats are fully oxidized via glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing large amounts of ATP for prolonged, low-to-moderate intensity activity, with $\ce{CO2}$ and $\ce{H2O}$ as by-products.
How much net ATP is produced from the complete aerobic oxidation of one glucose molecule?
Approximately 36-38 ATP (commonly cited as 38) per molecule of glucose, compared with a net 2 ATP from anaerobic glycolysis.
What is the energy systems' contribution at rest versus exercise?
At rest the aerobic system predominates using mainly fat. During exercise contribution shifts toward carbohydrate and anaerobic systems as intensity rises; brief high-intensity work relies on ATP-PC and glycolysis.
What is direct calorimetry for measuring energy cost of exercise?
A method that measures energy expenditure directly by measuring the heat (in a sealed insulated chamber) produced by the body, since all metabolic energy ultimately appears as heat.
What is indirect calorimetry for measuring energy cost of exercise?
A method that estimates energy expenditure by measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production (gas exchange), since heat production is proportional to oxygen used (about 5 kcal per litre of $\ce{O2}$).
Define the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) and give its formula.
RQ is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed, indicating the fuel being used: $$RQ = \frac{\dot{V}CO_{2}}{\dot{V}O_{2}}$$ RQ of 1.0 indicates carbohydrate use, about 0.70 indicates fat use.
Define the recovery process after exercise.
Recovery is the set of physiological processes that restore the body to its pre-exercise (resting) state, including replenishing energy stores, removing metabolic by-products, and restoring oxygen and fluid balance.
What are the physiological causes (aspects) of fatigue?
Depletion of energy stores (PC and glycogen), accumulation of metabolites (lactic acid, $\ce{H+}$, $P_i$), disturbed ion balance, dehydration, central nervous system fatigue, and reduced neuromuscular transmission.
Differentiate central fatigue from peripheral fatigue.
Central fatigue originates in the central nervous system, reducing neural drive to the muscle; peripheral fatigue occurs within the muscle itself due to factors like substrate depletion and metabolite accumulation.
Define EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption) or recovery oxygen.
EPOC is the elevated oxygen consumption above resting level that continues after exercise, used to restore the body, traditionally described as the oxygen debt repaid during recovery.
What are the two components of recovery oxygen (oxygen debt)?
The fast (alactacid) component, which restores ATP-PC stores and reoxygenates myoglobin and blood; and the slow (lactacid) component, which removes/converts accumulated lactic acid.
How are energy stores restored during recovery?
Phosphocreatine is rapidly resynthesized (within a few minutes using aerobic energy), muscle and liver glycogen are replenished over hours through carbohydrate intake, and myoglobin/blood oxygen stores are restored quickly.
What is the fate of lactic acid during recovery?
Lactic acid is mostly oxidized to $\ce{CO2}$ and water for energy, converted back to glucose/glycogen in the liver via the Cori cycle (gluconeogenesis), or used by the heart and other tissues as fuel.
What this deck covers
The Subject -II deck follows the UGC NET Physical Education Subject -II syllabus — 1 chapters and 13 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 55.0 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 196 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Subject -II flashcards FAQ
How many Subject -II flashcards are in this UGC NET Physical Education deck?
55 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these UGC NET Physical Education flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 55-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Subject -II cards cover?
They follow the UGC NET Physical Education Subject -II syllabus — 1 chapters and 13 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.