CTET (Central Teacher Eligibility Test) Environmental Studies and Pedagogy (Paper I) Syllabus

Environmental Studies and Pedagogy (Paper I) syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Environmental Studies and Pedagogy (Paper I) in CTET (Central Teacher Eligibility Test), not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Family and Friends

   3 topics

   • Relationships
     • Family structures and bonds
     • Friendship and community relationships
   • Work and Play
     • Occupations and types of work
     • Games and recreation
   • Animals and Plants
     • Animals around us and their habitats
     • Plants, their parts and uses
2. 2

   Food, Shelter, Water and Travel

   3 topics

   • Food
     • Sources of food and food habits
     • Cooking and food preservation
   • Shelter and Water
     • Types of houses and shelters
     • Sources, uses and conservation of water
   • Travel
     • Means of transport
     • Travel experiences and maps
3. 3

   Things We Make and Do

   3 topics

   • Materials and Resources
     • Things made from natural and man-made materials
   • Tools and Technology
     • Simple tools and their uses
   • Local Crafts and Occupations
     • Traditional crafts and skills
4. 4

   Pedagogical Issues in EVS

   4 topics

   • Concept and Scope of EVS
     • Integrated nature of EVS
     • Significance of EVS at primary level
   • Approaches and Activities
     • Activity-based and experiential learning
     • Experimentation, discussion and field visits
   • Learning Principles and CCE
     • Concept of learning by doing
     • Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation in EVS
   • Teaching Materials and Problems
     • Teaching-learning material and aids
     • Problems faced in teaching EVS

Environmental Studies and Pedagogy (Paper I) flashcards for CTET (Central Teacher Eligibility Test)

21 of 50 cards from the Environmental Studies and Pedagogy (Paper I) deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. In EVS, what is a 'nuclear family' and how does it differ from a 'joint family'?

   A nuclear family consists of parents and their children living together. A joint family includes grandparents, parents, children, uncles, aunts, and cousins living together in one household.

2. What are the two broad types of relationships studied in EVS based on origin?

   Blood relations (e.g., parents, siblings, grandparents) and relations by marriage/affinity (e.g., spouse, in-laws). There are also social relations like friends and neighbours.

3. Name the family relations on the maternal (mother's) side in Hindi terms used in EVS.

   Nana (maternal grandfather), Nani (maternal grandmother), Mama (maternal uncle), Mami (his wife), and Mausi (mother's sister).

4. Why is the study of relationships and family included in the EVS curriculum for young children?

   Because children learn first within the family and immediate social environment; it builds their sense of identity, belonging, and understanding of social roles, which is the foundation of environmental/social awareness.

5. What is the difference between 'work' and 'play' as understood in EVS for children?

   Work is a purposeful activity often done for livelihood or duty (e.g., farming, cooking), while play is a voluntary, enjoyable activity for recreation and learning. For young children, play itself is a major mode of learning.

6. Why is play considered important in a child's development according to EVS pedagogy?

   Play promotes physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and language development; it fosters creativity, problem-solving, cooperation, and is a natural, joyful way children explore and learn about their environment.

7. Give examples of traditional/indigenous games studied in EVS.

   Kabaddi, Kho-Kho, Gilli-Danda, Lattu (spinning top), Pithoo (Seven Stones), Hopscotch (Stapu/Langdi), and marbles (Kancha).

8. How do animals primarily differ from plants in terms of nutrition?

   Plants are autotrophs—they make their own food through photosynthesis. Animals are heterotrophs—they cannot make food and depend on plants or other animals for nutrition.

9. Classify animals based on their diet with one example of each.

   Herbivores eat plants (cow, deer); Carnivores eat other animals (lion, tiger); Omnivores eat both plants and animals (bear, human, crow).

10. What are the main groups of animals based on habitat?

    Terrestrial (land—e.g., elephant), Aquatic (water—e.g., fish), Amphibians (both land and water—e.g., frog), Aerial/arboreal (air/trees—e.g., birds, monkeys).

11. In EVS, what is the difference between oviparous and viviparous animals?

    Oviparous animals lay eggs (e.g., hen, frog, snake), while viviparous animals give birth to live young ones (e.g., cow, dog, human).

12. What process do green plants use to make their own food, and what do they need for it?

    Photosynthesis. Plants need sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll; they produce glucose (food) and release oxygen.

13. Classify plants by size/stem into the three basic types with examples.

    Herbs (small, soft stem—e.g., tomato, grass), Shrubs (medium, woody bushy—e.g., rose, lemon), and Trees (tall, thick woody stem—e.g., mango, neem).

14. What are climbers and creepers in plant classification?

    Climbers have weak stems that need support to grow upward (e.g., grapevine, money plant); creepers have weak stems that spread along the ground (e.g., pumpkin, watermelon).

15. What are the main parts of a plant and one function of each?

    Roots absorb water/anchor the plant; stem supports and transports water/food; leaves make food (photosynthesis); flowers help in reproduction; fruits/seeds enable propagation.

16. What are the components of a balanced diet?

    Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage (fibre) in correct proportions.

17. Name the three main nutrient categories by function in food.

    Energy-giving foods (carbohydrates and fats), Body-building foods (proteins), and Protective foods (vitamins and minerals).

18. Which nutrient is called the 'body-building' nutrient and give two food sources?

    Protein. Sources include pulses (dal), milk, eggs, fish, meat, and soybean.

19. What is the difference between food preservation and food spoilage?

    Food spoilage is the deterioration of food by microbes/enzymes making it unfit to eat; food preservation is treating food to prevent spoilage and extend its shelf life (e.g., drying, salting, pickling, refrigeration).

20. Name common traditional methods of food preservation in India.

    Drying/dehydration (sun-drying), salting, sugaring (jam/murabba), pickling with oil and spices (achaar), and boiling/cooking.

21. Why do people in different regions of India eat different staple foods?

    Because of differences in climate, soil, and locally grown crops—e.g., rice in high-rainfall southern/eastern regions and wheat/maize in northern/drier regions.

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