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Project Management Agile and Lean Approaches Flashcards
60 question-and-answer cards covering Agile and Lean Approaches as it is examined in Project Management. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Agile and Lean Approaches deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What is a burndown chart and what do its axes represent?
A burndown chart tracks remaining work over time: the x-axis is time (iterations/days) and the y-axis is remaining work (story points or hours). The line trends down toward zero, showing progress against an ideal line.
What is Extreme Programming (XP), and who created it?
XP is an agile software-development methodology emphasizing engineering practices and high-quality code through short cycles and continuous feedback. It was created by Kent Beck (with Ward Cunningham and Ron Jeffries) in the late 1990s.
Name several core practices of Extreme Programming (XP).
Pair programming, Test-Driven Development (TDD), continuous integration, small/frequent releases, refactoring, simple design, collective code ownership, coding standards, sustainable pace (40-hour week), on-site customer, and the planning game.
What is Test-Driven Development (TDD) and its cycle?
TDD writes an automated test before the code. Its cycle is Red-Green-Refactor: write a failing test (red), write the minimal code to pass it (green), then refactor to improve design while keeping tests passing.
What are the five values of Extreme Programming (XP)?
Communication, Simplicity, Feedback, Courage, and Respect.
What is Feature-Driven Development (FDD), and who created it?
FDD is a model-driven, short-iteration agile process organized around delivering client-valued features. It was developed by Jeff De Luca and Peter Coad in the late 1990s.
List the five processes (activities) of Feature-Driven Development (FDD).
1) Develop an Overall Model; 2) Build a Features List; 3) Plan by Feature; 4) Design by Feature; 5) Build by Feature.
What is the FDD template for naming a feature?
'<action> the <result> <by|for|of|to> a(n) <object>' — for example, 'Calculate the total of a sale.'
What are Crystal methods and who created the family?
Crystal is a family of lightweight, human-powered agile methodologies created by Alistair Cockburn that are tailored to project size and criticality; members are color-coded (e.g., Crystal Clear, Yellow, Orange, Red).
How does the Crystal family select which method variant to use (its two dimensions)?
By project size (number of people—driving the color, e.g., Clear for small teams) and by criticality (potential loss: Comfort, Discretionary money, Essential money, Life). Larger/more-critical projects need more ceremony.
What does DSDM stand for, and what is its defining constraint?
Dynamic Systems Development Method. It fixes time, cost, and quality up front and flexes scope/features, using MoSCoW prioritization to guarantee delivery of the essentials on time and budget.
What does the MoSCoW prioritization acronym (used in DSDM) stand for?
Must have, Should have, Could have, Won't have (this time). It classifies requirements by priority to protect the timebox.
Name three of the eight principles of DSDM.
Examples include: Focus on the business need; Deliver on time; Collaborate; Never compromise quality; Build incrementally from firm foundations; Develop iteratively; Communicate continuously and clearly; Demonstrate control. (Any three are correct.)
What is the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), and at what levels does it operate?
SAFe is a framework for applying Lean-Agile practices at enterprise scale. Its configurations span levels: Team, Program (Essential/ART), Large Solution, and Portfolio.
In SAFe, what is an Agile Release Train (ART) and a Program Increment (PI)?
An ART is a long-lived team-of-agile-teams (typically 50-125 people) that delivers value together. A PI is a fixed timebox (typically 8-12 weeks) during which the ART delivers incremental value, kicked off by PI Planning.
What is Large-Scale Scrum (LeSS), and who created it?
LeSS, created by Craig Larman and Bas Vodde, scales Scrum by applying single-team Scrum principles to multiple teams working on one product with one Product Owner and one Product Backlog, adding minimal extra process.
What are the two configurations of LeSS and their team ranges?
LeSS ('basic') for 2-8 teams (up to ~50 people), and LeSS Huge for 8+ teams (hundreds of people), which introduces Requirement Areas and Area Product Owners.
What is Disciplined Agile (DA), and what is its central idea?
DA (Disciplined Agile Delivery), now stewarded by PMI, is a hybrid process-decision toolkit. Its central idea is being 'goal-driven' and offering context-sensitive choices—teams choose their Way of Working (WoW) from options rather than following one prescriptive method.
What life-cycle options does Disciplined Agile support?
DA supports multiple life cycles, including Agile (Scrum-based), Lean (Kanban-based), Continuous Delivery: Agile, Continuous Delivery: Lean, and Exploratory (Lean Startup).
What is the 'Scrum of Scrums' technique?
A scaling technique where representatives (ambassadors) from multiple Scrum teams meet regularly (often daily/several times a week) to coordinate work, integrate efforts, and surface cross-team dependencies and impediments.
In a Scrum of Scrums, what three questions are typically addressed (analogous to the daily scrum)?
What has your team done since we last met that affects other teams? What will your team do before we meet again that affects other teams? Are there any impediments or dependencies blocking your team or that could block another team?
Compare SAFe and LeSS in terms of prescriptiveness and structure.
SAFe is more prescriptive and structured, adding new roles and layers (ARTs, PIs, portfolio level) suited to large enterprises. LeSS is minimalist, keeping standard Scrum with one Product Owner/Backlog and adding as little as possible, emphasizing descaling the organization.
What is a Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD) and what does the vertical distance between bands show?
A CFD is an area chart tracking the number of work items in each workflow state over time. The vertical distance (band height) for the 'in progress' states represents WIP, and the horizontal distance between the arrival and departure lines approximates lead time.
What is the difference between iterative and incremental development?
Incremental means building and delivering the product in successive pieces (increments), each adding functionality. Iterative means refining/reworking the product through repeated cycles based on feedback. Agile typically combines both: incremental delivery with iterative refinement.
What this deck covers
The Agile and Lean Approaches deck follows the Project Management Agile and Lean Approaches syllabus — 5 chapters and 17 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 12.0 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 202 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Agile and Lean Approaches flashcards FAQ
How many Agile and Lean Approaches flashcards are in this Project Management deck?
60 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these Project Management flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 60-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Agile and Lean Approaches cards cover?
They follow the Project Management Agile and Lean Approaches syllabus — 5 chapters and 17 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.