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🇵🇰 AKU BScN Admission Test · flashcards
AKU BScN Admission Test Chemistry Flashcards
60 question-and-answer cards covering Chemistry as it is examined in AKU BScN Admission Test. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Chemistry deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
Define limiting reactant and excess reactant.
The limiting reactant is the one completely consumed first and determines the amount of product formed; the excess reactant is left over after the reaction stops.
Define theoretical yield, actual yield, and percentage yield.
Theoretical yield = maximum product predicted by stoichiometry; actual yield = product actually obtained; percentage yield = (actual yield ÷ theoretical yield) × 100.
Define enthalpy change (ΔH) and distinguish exothermic from endothermic reactions.
ΔH is the heat content change at constant pressure. Exothermic releases heat (ΔH negative); endothermic absorbs heat (ΔH positive).
State Hess's law.
The total enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the route taken, depending only on the initial and final states; enthalpy changes of steps can be added to give the overall ΔH.
Write the formula relating heat, mass, specific heat, and temperature change.
q = m × c × ΔT, where q = heat, m = mass, c = specific heat capacity, ΔT = change in temperature.
What factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
Concentration (or pressure for gases), temperature, surface area of solids, presence of a catalyst, and the nature of the reactants.
How does a catalyst increase reaction rate?
It provides an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, without being consumed in the reaction.
Define activation energy.
The minimum amount of energy that reactant molecules must possess for a successful (effective) collision leading to a reaction.
State Le Chatelier's principle.
If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in concentration, pressure, or temperature, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that counteracts (opposes) the change.
Write the equilibrium constant expression (Kc) for: N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3.
Kc = [NH3]² / ([N2][H2]³).
What does a large value of the equilibrium constant (K) indicate?
That the equilibrium lies to the right, favoring products (the forward reaction predominates).
Write the formula for pH and pOH, and state their relationship at 25°C.
pH = -log[H+]; pOH = -log[OH-]; and pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C.
Calculate the pH of a 0.001 M HCl solution.
[H+] = 0.001 = 1 × 10⁻³ M, so pH = -log(10⁻³) = 3.
Compare the Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, and Lewis definitions of acids.
Arrhenius: produces H+ in water. Brønsted-Lowry: proton (H+) donor. Lewis: electron-pair acceptor.
What is a buffer solution and what is it composed of?
A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added; made of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid).
What is salt hydrolysis, and what is the pH of a salt of a strong base and weak acid?
Salt hydrolysis is the reaction of salt ions with water to produce acidic or basic solutions. A salt of a strong base and weak acid (e.g., CH3COONa) gives a basic solution (pH > 7).
Define oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons and oxidation number.
Oxidation = loss of electrons / increase in oxidation number; Reduction = gain of electrons / decrease in oxidation number (OIL RIG).
In a redox reaction, what are the oxidizing agent and reducing agent?
The oxidizing agent gains electrons (it is itself reduced); the reducing agent loses electrons (it is itself oxidized).
What is the oxidation number of oxygen and hydrogen in most compounds?
Oxygen is usually -2 (except -1 in peroxides, +2 in OF2); hydrogen is usually +1 (except -1 in metal hydrides).
What is the difference between a galvanic (voltaic) cell and an electrolytic cell?
A galvanic cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy via a spontaneous reaction; an electrolytic cell uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous reaction.
In a galvanic cell, which electrode is the anode and which is the cathode in terms of charge and reaction?
Anode (negative): oxidation occurs. Cathode (positive): reduction occurs. (In both cell types, oxidation = anode, reduction = cathode.)
Define electrolysis.
The decomposition of an electrolyte (molten or in solution) by passing a direct electric current through it, driving a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
In electrolysis, what happens at the cathode and anode in terms of ion movement?
Cations move to the cathode (negative electrode) and are reduced; anions move to the anode (positive electrode) and are oxidized.
What is a salt bridge and what is its function in a galvanic cell?
A tube containing an inert electrolyte (e.g., KCl) that connects the two half-cells, maintaining electrical neutrality by allowing ion flow and completing the circuit.
What this deck covers
The Chemistry deck follows the AKU BScN Admission Test Chemistry syllabus — 8 chapters and 24 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 7.5 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 128 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Chemistry flashcards FAQ
How many Chemistry flashcards are in this AKU BScN Admission Test deck?
60 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these AKU BScN Admission Test flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 60-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Chemistry cards cover?
They follow the AKU BScN Admission Test Chemistry syllabus — 8 chapters and 24 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.