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AIIMS Nursing (BSc) Entrance Biology - Zoology Flashcards
57 question-and-answer cards covering Biology - Zoology as it is examined in AIIMS Nursing (BSc) Entrance. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Biology - Zoology deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What are the three types of muscle fibre arrangement that enable movement, and what protein pair drives contraction?
Movement is driven by the contractile proteins actin (thin filament) and myosin (thick filament).
State the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.
Muscle contraction occurs when actin (thin) filaments slide over myosin (thick) filaments, shortening the sarcomere; the filaments themselves do not shorten.
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton and what are its two divisions?
206 bones, divided into the axial skeleton (80 bones: skull, vertebral column, rib cage) and the appendicular skeleton (126 bones: limbs and girdles).
Name the parts of a neuron and the direction of impulse flow.
Dendrites receive impulses, the cell body (cyton) processes them, and the axon transmits the impulse away toward the synapse.
What is a synapse and how is an impulse transmitted across a chemical synapse?
A synapse is the junction between two neurons; the impulse is transmitted by release of neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine) across the synaptic cleft.
Distinguish the roles of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Sympathetic prepares the body for 'fight or flight' (e.g., increases heart rate); parasympathetic conserves energy and promotes 'rest and digest' (e.g., slows heart rate).
Match these endocrine glands to a key hormone: thyroid, pancreas (islets), adrenal medulla.
Thyroid - thyroxine; pancreas (islets of Langerhans) - insulin/glucagon; adrenal medulla - adrenaline (epinephrine).
Which hormone lowers blood glucose and which raises it?
Insulin lowers blood glucose; glucagon (and adrenaline) raises it.
Name the male and female primary reproductive organs (gonads) and the gametes they produce.
Testes produce sperm in males; ovaries produce ova (eggs) in females.
What is the function of the seminiferous tubules and the Leydig (interstitial) cells?
Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm production (spermatogenesis); Leydig cells secrete testosterone.
List the four phases of the human menstrual cycle in order.
Menstrual phase, follicular (proliferative) phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal (secretory) phase.
Which hormone surge triggers ovulation and around which day of a 28-day cycle does ovulation occur?
A surge of luteinising hormone (LH) triggers ovulation, which occurs around day 14.
What is the role of the corpus luteum and the hormone it secretes?
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which maintains the uterine lining (endometrium) to support a possible pregnancy.
Where does fertilisation normally occur and what is the resulting structure that implants in the uterus?
Fertilisation occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tube; the resulting blastocyst implants in the uterine wall.
What is the normal human gestation period and the function of the placenta?
About 9 months (approximately 280 days); the placenta supplies the foetus with oxygen and nutrients and removes wastes, also acting as an endocrine organ.
Differentiate STDs from contraceptive methods, giving one example of each category of contraceptive.
STDs are infections transmitted sexually (e.g., gonorrhoea, syphilis, HIV/AIDS); contraceptives prevent pregnancy and include barrier methods (condoms), hormonal (pills), IUDs (Copper-T), and surgical (vasectomy/tubectomy).
Classify these diseases by pathogen: Malaria, Typhoid, Common cold, Ringworm.
Malaria - protozoan (Plasmodium); Typhoid - bacterium (Salmonella typhi); Common cold - virus (rhinovirus); Ringworm - fungus.
Differentiate innate (non-specific) and acquired (specific) immunity.
Innate immunity is present from birth and provides non-specific defence (skin, phagocytes); acquired immunity develops after exposure to a pathogen and is specific, involving antibodies and memory cells.
Distinguish active immunity from passive immunity.
Active immunity: the body produces its own antibodies after exposure/vaccination (long-lasting); passive immunity: ready-made antibodies are given from outside (e.g., mother's milk, antiserum), giving immediate but short-lived protection.
What is Darwin's theory of natural selection in one sentence?
Individuals with favourable heritable variations are better suited to their environment, survive, and reproduce more, so those traits become more common over generations ('survival of the fittest').
What are homologous and analogous organs, with an example of each?
Homologous organs have the same basic structure but different functions (e.g., forelimbs of human, whale, bat - divergent evolution); analogous organs have different structure but similar function (e.g., wings of insect and bird - convergent evolution).
What is the significance of microbes Rhizobium and Lactobacillus in human welfare?
Rhizobium fixes atmospheric nitrogen in legume root nodules (biofertiliser); Lactobacillus converts milk to curd by producing lactic acid.
Which microbes are used in producing antibiotics like penicillin and in making bread/alcohol?
Penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium notatum; bread and alcoholic fermentation use yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
What role do methanogens play in biogas (gobar gas) production?
Methanogenic bacteria (e.g., Methanobacterium) act on cellulosic waste/dung anaerobically to produce biogas, which is mainly methane.
What this deck covers
The Biology - Zoology deck follows the AIIMS Nursing (BSc) Entrance Biology - Zoology syllabus — 4 chapters and 15 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 14.3 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 143 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Biology - Zoology flashcards FAQ
How many Biology - Zoology flashcards are in this AIIMS Nursing (BSc) Entrance deck?
57 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these AIIMS Nursing (BSc) Entrance flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 57-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Biology - Zoology cards cover?
They follow the AIIMS Nursing (BSc) Entrance Biology - Zoology syllabus — 4 chapters and 15 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.