UGC NET Physical Education Subject - V Syllabus

How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated, and what does it indicate?

$BMI = \frac{\text{weight (kg)}}{[\text{height (m)}]^{2}}$; it indicates body composition status (underweight, normal, overweight, or obese).

What BMI range is generally classified as 'normal' for adults (WHO)?

$18.5 \leq BMI \leq 24.9 \; \text{kg/m}^{2}$; below 18.5 is underweight, 25-29.9 overweight, and $BMI \geq 30$ obese.

What role do schools play in promoting fitness and wellness?

Schools provide structured physical education classes, daily activity, intramural and extramural sports, health education, and form lifelong fitness habits during formative years.

What role do colleges play in promoting fitness and wellness?

Colleges offer competitive and recreational sports, fitness facilities, intramural programs, health/wellness courses, and opportunities for specialization and leadership in physical activity.

What role does the university level play in promoting fitness and wellness?

Universities provide advanced sports competition, research in exercise science, professional preparation, fitness/wellness centres, and policies promoting holistic well-being of students and staff.

Define 'curriculum' in physical education.

The total planned set of learning experiences, activities, content and objectives provided to learners under the guidance of the institution to achieve educational aims in physical education.

State three key principles of curriculum planning in physical education.

(1) Child-centeredness/learner needs; (2) Progression from simple to complex and known to unknown; (3) Flexibility, balance, and conformity to aims/objectives and available facilities.

What is the principle of 'progression' in curriculum planning?

Content and activities should be arranged in a logical sequence moving from simple to complex, easy to difficult, and concrete to abstract, matching learners' developmental stages.

List the main steps in the curriculum planning process.

(1) Formulating aims and objectives; (2) Selecting content/learning experiences; (3) Organizing content; (4) Implementation/methods; (5) Evaluation and feedback for revision.

Why must curriculum content differ for different levels of education?

Because learners' physical, mental, emotional and social maturity, abilities, interests and needs differ at each level, requiring developmentally appropriate content and objectives.

What subject matter is appropriate for physical education at the primary level?

Fundamental movements, locomotor and non-locomotor skills, simple games, rhythmic and mimetic activities, stunts, story-plays, and basic hygiene/health habits.

What subject matter is appropriate for physical education at the secondary level?

Major team and individual games, athletics, gymnastics, lead-up games, physical fitness activities, sport skills and rules, leadership, and health education.

What subject matter is appropriate for physical education at the higher education level?

Advanced sport specialization, conditioning and training science, officiating/coaching, recreation, research methodology, and theoretical foundations of physical education.

What is meant by 'curriculum design'?

The deliberate organization of curriculum components—objectives, content, learning experiences and evaluation—into a coherent structure that determines how learning is arranged and delivered.

Name three common types/patterns of curriculum design.

Subject-centered design, learner-centered (activity) design, and problem-centered (core/integrated) design.

Distinguish between 'curriculum design' and 'curriculum content'.

Curriculum design is the structural framework and arrangement of components; curriculum content is the actual subject matter, activities and experiences selected to be taught within that framework.

State the importance of a well-planned physical education curriculum.

It ensures systematic, balanced, developmentally appropriate learning experiences, achieves educational objectives, uses resources efficiently, and provides direction for teaching and evaluation.

What is the principle of 'balance' in curriculum design?

The curriculum should give proportionate emphasis to all types of activities and objectives—physical, mental, social and emotional—avoiding overemphasis on any single area such as competitive sport.

Why is comparison across countries valuable when designing professional preparation programs?

It reveals diverse models, entry standards, durations and accreditation systems, helping a country adopt effective practices and modernize its own teacher-preparation curriculum.

What is the difference between intramural and extramural programs in schools/colleges?

Intramural programs are competitions/activities held within one institution among its own students; extramural programs involve competition between students of different institutions.

What are the FITT principles used in planning fitness programs?

Frequency, Intensity, Time (duration), and Type of exercise—the variables manipulated to design and progress a fitness program.

How is target (maximum) heart rate commonly estimated for exercise prescription?

$HR_{max} \approx 220 - \text{age (years)}$, used to set training intensity zones for cardiovascular fitness.

What is the principle of 'overload' in fitness training and curriculum of conditioning?

To improve fitness, the body must be progressively stressed beyond its accustomed workload by increasing frequency, intensity, time or type of activity.

Which two physical education degrees correspond to undergraduate and postgraduate professional preparation in India?

B.P.Ed. (Bachelor of Physical Education) at the undergraduate level and M.P.Ed. (Master of Physical Education) at the postgraduate level.

What is the role of government in promoting health and fitness at the school level in India?

Through policies and schemes (e.g., Fit India Movement, Khelo India, mid-day meal, school health programs) it mandates physical education, provides infrastructure, and promotes mass participation.

What is the 'Fit India Movement'?

A nationwide government campaign launched in 2019 to encourage Indians to incorporate physical activity and sports into daily life to make fitness a way of life.

What is 'Khelo India' and its relevance to fitness promotion at school and college levels?

A central government program to revive sports culture by identifying talent, building infrastructure, and supporting competitions among school and college athletes across India.

Why should curriculum planning conform to available facilities and resources?

Because objectives can only be achieved if planned activities are practical and supportable by the institution's equipment, space, staff and time; otherwise the curriculum fails in implementation.

What is the relationship between aims and objectives in curriculum planning?

Aims are broad, long-term general goals of education; objectives are specific, measurable, short-term targets derived from aims that guide the selection of content and activities.

Summarize the developmental progression of physical education emphasis from primary to higher education.

Primary: fundamental movement, play and enjoyment; Secondary: skill development, sport, fitness and leadership; Higher: specialization, competition, conditioning science, research and lifelong wellness.