JIPMER Entrance English Language and Comprehension Syllabus

English Language and Comprehension syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for English Language and Comprehension in JIPMER Entrance, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Grammar and Usage

   5 topics

   • Parts of Speech and Sentence Structure
   • Tenses and Subject-Verb Agreement
   • Articles, Prepositions and Conjunctions
   • Active and Passive Voice
   • Direct and Indirect Speech
2. 2

   Vocabulary

   4 topics

   • Synonyms and Antonyms
   • One-Word Substitution
   • Idioms and Phrases
   • Spelling and Commonly Confused Words
3. 3

   Comprehension and Composition

   4 topics

   • Reading Comprehension Passages
   • Sentence Completion and Cloze Test
   • Sentence Rearrangement and Para Jumbles
   • Error Detection and Sentence Correction

English Language and Comprehension flashcards for JIPMER Entrance

19 of 50 cards from the English Language and Comprehension deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. What are the eight parts of speech in English grammar?

   Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, and Interjection.

2. In sentence structure, what is the difference between a phrase and a clause?

   A phrase is a group of words lacking both a subject and a finite verb (e.g., 'on the table'), while a clause contains a subject and a finite verb (e.g., 'she sang').

3. What are the four kinds of sentences classified by structure?

   Simple (one independent clause), Compound (two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction), Complex (one independent + one or more dependent clauses), and Compound-Complex (multiple independent + at least one dependent clause).

4. What is the difference between a common noun and a proper noun?

   A common noun names a general class of person, place, or thing (e.g., city, boy) and is not capitalized; a proper noun names a specific one (e.g., Delhi, Rahul) and is always capitalized.

5. What is the basic rule for forming the present continuous (progressive) tense?

   Subject + am/is/are + present participle (verb + -ing), e.g., 'She is reading a book.'

6. How is the present perfect tense formed and when is it used?

   Formed with has/have + past participle (e.g., 'I have finished'). It is used for actions completed at an unspecified past time with present relevance, or actions continuing up to now.

7. State the subject-verb agreement rule for subjects joined by 'either...or' / 'neither...nor'.

   The verb agrees with the nearer (closer) subject. E.g., 'Neither the teacher nor the students were present' (verb agrees with 'students').

8. In subject-verb agreement, what verb form do collective nouns like 'team' or 'committee' take?

   They take a singular verb when the group acts as a single unit ('The team is winning'), and a plural verb when members act individually ('The team are arguing among themselves').

9. What is the subject-verb agreement rule for 'each', 'every', 'everyone', 'somebody', and 'none'?

   These indefinite pronouns are treated as singular and take a singular verb. E.g., 'Each of the boys has a pen.'

10. When are the indefinite articles 'a' and 'an' used?

    'A' is used before words beginning with a consonant sound (a book, a university), and 'an' before words beginning with a vowel sound (an apple, an hour). The choice depends on sound, not spelling.

11. What is the difference between the definite article 'the' and indefinite articles 'a/an'?

    'The' refers to a specific, already-known noun (definite); 'a/an' refers to any non-specific member of a class (indefinite) and is used only with singular countable nouns.

12. What is the difference between the prepositions 'in', 'on', and 'at' for time?

    'In' is used for longer periods (in May, in 2024, in the morning); 'on' for days and dates (on Monday, on 5th June); 'at' for precise times (at 5 o'clock, at noon).

13. What are coordinating conjunctions, and name them using a mnemonic.

    They join words/clauses of equal rank. The seven are remembered as FANBOYS: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.

14. What is the difference between coordinating and subordinating conjunctions?

    Coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or) join elements of equal grammatical rank; subordinating conjunctions (because, although, since, if, when) connect a dependent clause to an independent clause.

15. What is the general rule for changing an active voice sentence to passive voice?

    The object of the active sentence becomes the subject, the verb changes to the appropriate form of 'be' + past participle, and the original subject becomes the agent introduced by 'by' (often omitted). E.g., 'She wrote a letter' → 'A letter was written by her.'

16. In passive voice, how is the verb formed for the present continuous tense?

    am/is/are + being + past participle. E.g., 'They are building a house' → 'A house is being built.'

17. How does the passive voice of the present perfect tense ('has/have + V3') change?

    It becomes has/have + been + past participle. E.g., 'She has completed the work' → 'The work has been completed by her.'

18. How are imperative sentences (commands) changed into the passive voice?

    Use 'Let + object + be + past participle' for orders, or 'You are requested/ordered/advised to...' . E.g., 'Shut the door' → 'Let the door be shut.'

19. What pronoun and tense changes occur when converting direct speech to indirect speech in 'He said, "I am tired"'?

    It becomes 'He said that he was tired.' The pronoun 'I' changes to 'he', and the present 'am' shifts back to the past 'was' (backshift of tense).

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