Indian Army GD / Technical Recruitment General Science Syllabus

General Science syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for General Science in Indian Army GD / Technical Recruitment, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Physics

   4 topics

   • Motion, Force and Energy
     • Laws of Motion
     • Work, Power and Energy
     • Gravitation
   • Light, Sound and Heat
     • Reflection and Refraction of Light
     • Sound Waves and Properties
     • Heat and Temperature
   • Electricity and Magnetism
     • Electric Current and Circuits
     • Magnets and Electromagnetism
   • Units, Measurements and Instruments
     • SI Units and Physical Quantities
     • Scientific Instruments and Uses
2. 2

   Chemistry

   3 topics

   • Matter and Its Nature
     • States of Matter
     • Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
     • Atomic Structure
   • Chemical Reactions and Compounds
     • Acids, Bases and Salts
     • Oxidation and Reduction
     • Common Chemical Compounds in Daily Life
   • Metals, Non-metals and Gases
     • Properties of Metals and Non-metals
     • Important Gases and Their Uses
3. 3

   Biology

   4 topics

   • Cell and Living Organisms
     • Cell Structure and Functions
     • Classification of Plants and Animals
   • Human Body Systems
     • Digestive, Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
     • Nervous and Skeletal Systems
   • Health, Nutrition and Diseases
     • Vitamins, Deficiency Diseases and Nutrition
     • Common Diseases and Their Causes
     • Pathogens and Immunity
   • Genetics and Reproduction Basics
     • Heredity and Variation
     • Reproduction in Plants and Animals
4. 4

   Environmental and Applied Science

   3 topics

   • Ecology and Environment
     • Ecosystem and Food Chains
     • Pollution and Conservation
   • Space and Technology
     • ISRO and Space Missions
     • Recent Developments in Science and Technology
   • Computer and Defence Technology Basics
     • Computer Fundamentals
     • Missiles and Defence Equipment

General Science flashcards for Indian Army GD / Technical Recruitment

18 of 50 cards from the General Science deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. State Newton's first law of motion.

   A body remains at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force (the law of inertia).

2. What is the SI unit of force, and how is it defined?

   The newton (N). One newton is the force that gives a 1 kg mass an acceleration of 1 m/s².

3. Write the formula for work done and its SI unit.

   Work = Force × Displacement (W = F × s). SI unit is the joule (J).

4. What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

   Kinetic energy is energy due to motion (KE = ½ mv²); potential energy is stored energy due to position or configuration (e.g., PE = mgh for gravitational).

5. State the law of conservation of energy.

   Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another. The total energy of an isolated system remains constant.

6. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth, and how does mass relate to weight?

   g ≈ 9.8 m/s². Weight = mass × g; mass is constant everywhere while weight varies with g.

7. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

   Approximately 3 × 10⁸ m/s (about 300,000 km/s).

8. What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature, and why can't sound travel in a vacuum?

   About 343 m/s (≈340 m/s) at room temperature. Sound needs a material medium to travel, so it cannot pass through a vacuum.

9. Differentiate reflection and refraction of light.

   Reflection is the bouncing back of light from a surface; refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in speed.

10. What type of lens is used to correct myopia (short-sightedness) and hypermetropia (long-sightedness)?

    Myopia is corrected with a concave (diverging) lens; hypermetropia is corrected with a convex (converging) lens.

11. What are the three modes of heat transfer?

    Conduction (through direct contact), convection (through fluid movement), and radiation (through electromagnetic waves, no medium needed).

12. What is the unit of frequency, and what is the human audible range of sound?

    Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz). Humans can hear roughly 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz (20 kHz).

13. State Ohm's law and its formula.

    At constant temperature, current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it: V = IR (Voltage = Current × Resistance).

14. What is the SI unit of electric current, and what particles carry current in a metal?

    The ampere (A). In metals, free electrons carry the current.

15. Write the formula for electrical power.

    Power P = Voltage × Current (P = VI), also P = I²R = V²/R. SI unit is the watt (W).

16. What is the difference between AC and DC current?

    AC (alternating current) periodically reverses direction; DC (direct current) flows in one constant direction. Household supply is AC; batteries give DC.

17. Like magnetic poles do what, and unlike poles do what?

    Like poles (N-N or S-S) repel each other; unlike poles (N-S) attract each other.

18. What does an electromagnet consist of, and how can its strength be increased?

    A coil of wire (solenoid) wound around a soft-iron core carrying current. Strength increases with more current, more turns, or a stronger core.

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