DU LLB Entrance Logical and Analytical Reasoning Syllabus

Logical and Analytical Reasoning syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Logical and Analytical Reasoning in DU LLB Entrance, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Verbal Reasoning

   4 topics

   • Analogy and Classification
     • Word and letter analogies
     • Odd one out
   • Series and Coding-Decoding
     • Number and letter series
     • Coding-decoding patterns
   • Blood Relations and Direction Sense
     • Family tree puzzles
     • Direction and distance
   • Syllogisms and Statements
     • Syllogism using Venn diagrams
     • Statement and conclusion
2. 2

   Analytical Reasoning

   4 topics

   • Seating Arrangement
     • Linear and circular arrangements
   • Puzzles and Arrangements
     • Floor, scheduling and ranking puzzles
     • Distribution and grouping
   • Data Sufficiency
     • Adequacy of given information
   • Input-Output and Sequencing
     • Order and sequencing problems
3. 3

   Critical Reasoning

   4 topics

   • Strengthening and Weakening Arguments
     • Identifying premises and conclusions
   • Assumptions and Inferences
     • Stated vs unstated assumptions
     • Logical inference
   • Course of Action and Cause-Effect
     • Evaluating suggested actions
     • Cause and effect relationships
   • Statement and Argument Evaluation
     • Strong vs weak arguments
4. 4

   Non-Verbal Reasoning

   3 topics

   • Figure Series and Analogy
     • Pattern completion
   • Mirror and Water Images
     • Image transformations
   • Embedded and Hidden Figures
     • Figure counting and detection

Logical and Analytical Reasoning flashcards for DU LLB Entrance

22 of 60 cards from the Logical and Analytical Reasoning deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. In analogy problems, what is the basic relationship type tested by a pair like 'Doctor : Patient'?

   A worker-and-the-person-served (professional) relationship. The first treats or serves the second, so the answer pair must show the same service relationship (e.g., Lawyer : Client).

2. What is 'Classification' (Odd-One-Out) reasoning?

   Identifying the item that does NOT share the common property/category that the other items have. You find the rule binding the majority and pick the exception.

3. In a letter analogy, how do you solve 'AB : CD :: EF : ?' type questions?

   Find the positional shift between letters. Here each letter advances by +2 in the alphabet, so EF maps to GH. Track the pattern of forward/backward jumps.

4. What distinguishes a 'cause-and-effect' analogy from a 'part-to-whole' analogy?

   Cause-effect links an action to its result (Fire : Smoke). Part-to-whole links a component to the larger object it belongs to (Wheel : Car).

5. In number analogy, identify the rule in '4 : 16 :: 5 : 25'.

   The second number is the square of the first (n : n^2). So the missing term for any x would be x^2.

6. What is a number series? Give the two most common progression types tested.

   A sequence following a fixed rule. Most common: Arithmetic progression (constant difference, +/-) and Geometric progression (constant ratio, x or /).

7. Identify the rule and next term: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?

   Differences increase by 2 (4, 6, 8, 10, 12), so next difference is 12; 30 + 12 = 42. (Pattern: n(n+1).)

8. What is the rule in the series 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, ?

   Each term is multiplied by 2 (geometric, ratio 2). Next term = 96.

9. In letter coding, if 'CAT' is coded as 'DBU', what is the coding rule?

   Each letter is shifted +1 in the alphabet (C->D, A->B, T->U). This is a forward-shift (Caesar-style) substitution code.

10. What is the standard numeric position code for letters used in coding-decoding (A=1 ... Z=26) and its reverse (EJOTY trick)?

    Forward: A=1, B=2, ... Z=26. The EJOTY mnemonic gives quick anchors: E=5, J=10, O=15, T=20, Y=25, helping locate any letter fast.

11. In a 'mixed/substitution' coding question, how do you decode when only encoded sentences are given (no key)?

    Compare sentences sharing a common word; the common code symbol corresponds to that common word. Match overlapping words across statements to deduce each code.

12. Define a blood-relation problem and the key entities you track.

    A puzzle stating relationships among family members; you must deduce a specific relation. Track generation level, gender, and the maternal/paternal side for each person.

13. If A is the brother of B, B is the brother of C, and C is the father of D, how is A related to D?

    A is the uncle (paternal uncle) of D, since A is brother of D's father C.

14. What does the statement 'pointing to a photo, a man says: She is the daughter of my grandfather's only son' establish about the woman?

    Grandfather's only son = the speaker's father; his daughter = the speaker's sister. So the woman is the man's sister.

15. In direction sense, name the four cardinal and four ordinal (inter-cardinal) directions.

    Cardinal: North, South, East, West. Ordinal: North-East, North-West, South-East, South-West (the diagonals between cardinals).

16. In a direction problem, if you face North and turn 90 degrees clockwise, then 180 degrees, which direction do you face?

    North -> 90 clockwise = East -> 180 turn = West. You end up facing West.

17. What formula gives the shortest distance between start and end points in a direction problem forming a right angle?

    The Pythagorean theorem: shortest (straight-line) distance = sqrt(a^2 + b^2), where a and b are the two perpendicular leg distances.

18. Define a syllogism and its three components.

    A logical argument with two premises and a conclusion. Components: major premise, minor premise, and a conclusion drawn from both using shared terms.

19. State the four standard categorical statement types (A, E, I, O) in syllogisms.

    A = Universal Affirmative (All S are P); E = Universal Negative (No S is P); I = Particular Affirmative (Some S are P); O = Particular Negative (Some S are not P).

20. What does 'Some A are B' logically imply about 'Some B are A'?

    It implies 'Some B are A' is also true. 'Some' (particular affirmative) is convertible/symmetric, so the reverse necessarily holds.

21. In syllogisms, what is the rule about conclusions drawn from two particular ('Some') premises?

    No definite conclusion can be drawn from two particular premises. At least one premise must be universal to yield a valid definite conclusion.

22. In syllogisms, what is the rule about two negative premises?

    No valid conclusion follows from two negative premises. At least one premise must be affirmative for a definite conclusion.

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