CSS Sociology Social Problems of Pakistan Syllabus

Social Problems of Pakistan syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Social Problems of Pakistan in CSS Sociology, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Demographic and Migration Problems

   3 topics

   • Population Growth
   • Rural–Urban Migration
   • Lack of Technical and Vocational Training
2. 2

   Deviance and Crime

   4 topics

   • Deviance
   • Street Crime
   • Smuggling
   • Drug Addiction
3. 3

   Economic and Educational Problems

   3 topics

   • Unemployment
   • Poverty
   • Illiteracy and School Dropout
4. 4

   Labour and Exploitation

   3 topics

   • Child Labour and Abuse
   • Bonded Labour
   • Prostitution
5. 5

   Gender and Vulnerable Groups

   3 topics

   • Women's Issues and Gender-Based Traditions
   • Violence Against Women
   • Welfare of the Elderly

Social Problems of Pakistan flashcards for CSS Sociology

25 of 73 cards from the Social Problems of Pakistan deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. Define a 'social problem' in sociology.

   A condition or pattern of behavior that a significant number of people regard as undesirable, harmful to society, and in need of collective remedial action.

2. What is the demographic definition of population growth rate?

   The rate of natural increase plus net migration; natural increase = crude birth rate minus crude death rate, expressed as a percentage per year.

3. What is Pakistan's approximate population and global rank?

   Around 240+ million people, making it the world's 5th most populous country.

4. State the formula for the Crude Birth Rate (CBR).

   CBR = (number of live births in a year / total mid-year population) x 1000.

5. State the formula for the Crude Death Rate (CDR).

   CDR = (number of deaths in a year / total mid-year population) x 1000.

6. What is the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) and roughly what is Pakistan's?

   TFR = average number of children a woman bears in her lifetime; Pakistan's is roughly 3.5-3.6, well above replacement level.

7. What is the 'replacement level' fertility rate?

   A TFR of about 2.1 children per woman, the level at which a population exactly replaces itself without migration.

8. Name the four stages of the Demographic Transition Model.

   Stage 1: high birth/high death (stable); Stage 2: high birth/falling death (rapid growth); Stage 3: falling birth/low death (slowing growth); Stage 4: low birth/low death (stable).

9. In which stage of demographic transition is Pakistan generally placed?

   Stage 2 to early Stage 3 — declining death rates with still-high but slowly falling birth rates, producing rapid growth.

10. What is the 'doubling time' of a population and which rule estimates it?

    The number of years for a population to double; estimated by the Rule of 70 — doubling time ≈ 70 / annual growth rate (%).

11. What is meant by a 'demographic dividend'?

    The economic growth potential that arises when the working-age population is larger than the dependent (young + old) population, provided jobs and education are available.

12. Name three major social consequences of rapid population growth in Pakistan.

    Strain on resources/food security, rising unemployment, and overburdened health, education, and housing services.

13. Define rural-urban migration.

    The movement of people from rural areas to towns and cities, usually in search of employment, education, and better living conditions.

14. Distinguish 'push' and 'pull' factors in migration.

    Push factors drive people away from origin (poverty, joblessness, landlessness); pull factors attract them to destination (jobs, wages, services, opportunity).

15. Give two classic push factors for rural-urban migration in Pakistan.

    Rural poverty/landlessness and lack of employment, plus poor rural services (schools, health, water).

16. Give two classic pull factors for rural-urban migration in Pakistan.

    Industrial/service-sector jobs and higher wages, plus better education, health, and urban amenities.

17. What is the Lee's 'push-pull' theory of migration?

    Everett Lee's theory that migration results from push factors at origin, pull factors at destination, intervening obstacles, and personal factors.

18. What is 'urbanization' and Pakistan's approximate urban share?

    The increasing proportion of population living in urban areas; roughly 37-40% of Pakistanis live in urban areas, the highest urbanization rate in South Asia.

19. Name three negative urban consequences of heavy rural-urban migration.

    Growth of slums/katchi abadis, overburdened infrastructure and unemployment, and rising crime and pollution.

20. Differentiate technical education from vocational training.

    Technical education imparts theoretical and applied knowledge of a technology/field (often diploma-level), while vocational training provides hands-on skills for a specific trade or occupation.

21. What does TVET stand for?

    Technical and Vocational Education and Training.

22. Which national body governs TVET in Pakistan?

    NAVTTC — the National Vocational and Technical Training Commission.

23. State one key consequence of the lack of technical and vocational training in Pakistan.

    A skills mismatch producing 'educated unemployment' — degree-holders without marketable skills — and low industrial productivity.

24. Define deviance in sociology.

    Behavior that violates the significant social norms, rules, or expectations of a society or group.

25. Distinguish formal from informal deviance.

    Formal deviance violates codified laws (crime); informal deviance violates unwritten social norms (e.g., manners, customs) without legal sanction.

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