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🇮🇳 UGC NET Sociology · flashcards
UGC NET Sociology General Paper 1 Flashcards
70 question-and-answer cards covering General Paper 1 as it is examined in UGC NET Sociology. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the General Paper 1 deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What is e-governance?
E-governance is the use of ICT (Internet, computers, mobile) by government to deliver public services, share information, and improve administration efficiency, transparency and citizen participation.
What is the difference between the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
MDGs were 8 goals (2000–2015) targeting developing nations; SDGs are 17 goals (2015–2030) that are universal, broader, and cover environmental, economic and social sustainability.
How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are there and when were they adopted?
There are 17 SDGs with 169 targets, adopted by the UN in 2015 to be achieved by 2030 (the 2030 Agenda).
What are 'anthropogenic activities' and give examples of their environmental impact.
Anthropogenic activities are human-caused actions; examples include deforestation, industrialization and fossil fuel burning, causing pollution, global warming, biodiversity loss and resource depletion.
Name the major types of environmental pollution.
Air pollution, water pollution, soil/land pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, and radioactive pollution.
Give two examples of health impacts of air pollutants.
Particulate matter and SO2/NOx cause respiratory diseases (asthma, bronchitis) and lung cancer; carbon monoxide reduces oxygen in blood; lead causes neurological damage.
Classify natural energy resources into renewable and non-renewable with examples.
Renewable: solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass; Non-renewable (exhaustible): nuclear (fissile fuels) and fossil-derived; forests are renewable if managed sustainably.
What is the difference between a natural hazard and a disaster?
A hazard is a potentially damaging natural event/phenomenon; it becomes a disaster when it actually causes serious disruption, loss of life and damage exceeding the community's coping capacity.
Name key disaster mitigation strategies.
Early warning systems, hazard mapping/zoning, resilient construction and building codes, afforestation, public awareness/training, and disaster management plans.
In which year was the Environmental Protection Act enacted in India and what triggered it?
The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in 1986, largely in response to the 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy; it serves as umbrella legislation for environmental protection.
What is the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and how many missions does it have?
Launched in 2008, the NAPCC is India's strategy to address climate change through 8 national missions (e.g., National Solar Mission, Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency).
What is the Montreal Protocol (1987) concerned with?
The Montreal Protocol aims to phase out the production and use of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to protect the ozone layer.
What was the significance of the Rio Summit (1992)?
The Rio Earth Summit (UNCED, 1992) produced Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration, the UNFCCC, and the Convention on Biological Diversity, linking environment and development.
What is the objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)?
Conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources; opened for signature at Rio 1992.
What is the Kyoto Protocol (1997) about?
It is an international treaty under UNFCCC committing developed (Annex-I) countries to legally binding targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; it introduced market mechanisms like carbon trading.
What is the central goal of the Paris Agreement (2015)?
To limit global average temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C, via nationally determined contributions (NDCs).
What is the International Solar Alliance (ISA) and who launched it?
The ISA is a coalition of solar-resource-rich countries to promote solar energy, launched jointly by India and France in 2015 at the Paris climate conference, headquartered in Gurugram, India.
Name two famous institutions of higher learning in ancient India.
Nalanda and Takshashila (Taxila); others include Vikramshila, Vallabhi, and Odantapuri.
Which body was established for higher education governance and funding in post-independence India, and in which year did it become statutory?
The University Grants Commission (UGC) was established in 1953 and became a statutory body by an Act of Parliament in 1956.
What is the difference between conventional and non-conventional (distance) learning programmes?
Conventional learning is regular face-to-face, campus-based, full-time education; non-conventional learning is flexible, often distance/open mode (e.g., IGNOU) using self-study and ICT.
What is 'oriental' learning in the Indian education context?
Oriental learning refers to traditional education in classical/Eastern knowledge systems and languages such as Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian, often in specialized institutions.
What is the difference between technical education and skill-based education?
Technical education imparts specialized knowledge in engineering/technology (degree/diploma programmes); skill-based education focuses on practical, vocational competencies for employability (e.g., ITIs, Skill India).
What is the aim of value education?
Value education aims to develop moral, ethical, social and cultural values—such as honesty, tolerance, responsibility and respect—to build good character and responsible citizenship.
Which national policy currently guides education governance and administration in India, and in which year was it adopted?
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 currently guides Indian education, replacing the 1986 policy; it emphasizes a 5+3+3+4 structure, multidisciplinary learning and a GER target of 50% in higher education.
What this deck covers
The General Paper 1 deck follows the UGC NET Sociology General Paper 1 syllabus — 10 chapters and 52 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 7.0 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 170 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
General Paper 1 flashcards FAQ
How many General Paper 1 flashcards are in this UGC NET Sociology deck?
70 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these UGC NET Sociology flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 70-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the General Paper 1 cards cover?
They follow the UGC NET Sociology General Paper 1 syllabus — 10 chapters and 52 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.