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🇮🇳 UGC NET Commerce · flashcards
UGC NET Commerce Business Management and Human Resource Management Flashcards
51 question-and-answer cards covering Business Management and Human Resource Management as it is examined in UGC NET Commerce. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Business Management and Human Resource Management deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What is Human Resource Management (HRM)?
The management function concerned with recruiting, developing, motivating, and retaining people to achieve organizational and individual goals effectively.
Differentiate recruitment from selection.
Recruitment is a positive process of searching for and attracting a pool of applicants; selection is a negative process of screening and rejecting unsuitable candidates to choose the best fit.
Distinguish job description from job specification.
Job description states the duties, responsibilities, and scope of a job (about the job); job specification states the qualifications, skills, and attributes required of the person (about the worker).
What is job analysis and what are its two outputs?
Job analysis is the systematic study of a job's tasks and requirements. Its two outputs are the job description and the job specification.
Differentiate training from development.
Training is short-term, job-specific skill enhancement for current roles (operatives); development is long-term, broad-based growth of overall capabilities, often for managers and future roles.
What is Human Resource Planning (HRP)?
The process of forecasting an organization's future demand for and supply of the right number and type of people, and matching the two to avoid shortages or surpluses.
What is induction (orientation) in HRM?
The process of formally introducing and welcoming a new employee to the organization, its policies, culture, job, and colleagues to help them settle in.
What is compensation management?
The process of designing and administering the total monetary and non-monetary rewards given to employees in return for their work, including wages, salaries, incentives, and benefits.
Differentiate direct from indirect compensation.
Direct compensation is monetary pay such as basic wages, salary, bonuses, and incentives; indirect compensation includes benefits and perks like insurance, leave, retirement, and allowances.
Differentiate the time-rate wage system from the piece-rate wage system.
Time-rate pays based on time spent on the job (per hour/day/month) regardless of output; piece-rate pays based on the number of units produced regardless of time taken.
What are the three minimum wage concepts under Indian wage policy?
Minimum wage (bare subsistence), Fair wage (above minimum, below living), and Living wage (comfort, education, insurance, contingencies).
What is the difference between financial and non-financial incentives?
Financial incentives are monetary rewards like bonuses, profit-sharing, and commissions; non-financial incentives are non-monetary motivators like recognition, status, job security, and career growth.
What is performance appraisal?
The systematic, periodic evaluation of an employee's job performance, behavior, and potential against predetermined standards to make HR decisions and aid development.
What is 360-degree performance appraisal?
A multi-rater feedback method where an employee is evaluated from all directions - by superiors, subordinates, peers, self, and sometimes customers/clients - giving a comprehensive, all-round view of performance.
Name common traditional methods of performance appraisal.
Ranking, Paired comparison, Grading, Graphic rating scales, Forced distribution, Checklist, Critical incident, and Confidential reports.
Name common modern methods of performance appraisal.
Management by Objectives (MBO), 360-degree feedback, Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS), Assessment centres, Human resource accounting, and Psychological appraisals.
What is the 'halo effect' error in performance appraisal?
A rating bias where the appraiser allows one positive (or negative) trait to influence the rating of all other unrelated traits of the employee.
What is collective bargaining?
The process of negotiation between employers (or their representatives) and a group of employees (usually trade unions) to determine wages, working conditions, and other terms of employment through a mutually agreed contract.
Name the main types/forms of collective bargaining.
Conjunctive (distributive) bargaining, Cooperative (integrative) bargaining, Productivity bargaining, and Composite bargaining.
What is workers' participation in management (WPM)?
A system of involving employees in the decision-making process of an organization, giving them a voice in matters affecting their work and welfare, ranging from information-sharing to joint decision-making.
Name common forms/levels of workers' participation in management in India.
Works committees, Joint management councils, Suggestion schemes, Quality circles, Co-partnership/employee shareholding, and worker directors on boards.
What is personality, and name two major trait frameworks.
Personality is the relatively stable set of psychological traits and behavioral patterns that distinguish one individual from another. Major frameworks: the Big Five (OCEAN) and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
What are the Big Five (OCEAN) personality dimensions?
Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (emotional stability).
What is organizational culture, and what model classifies it into clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy?
Organizational culture is the shared values, beliefs, norms, and assumptions that shape how members behave in an organization. The Competing Values Framework (Cameron and Quinn) classifies it into Clan, Adhocracy, Market, and Hierarchy cultures.
What this deck covers
The Business Management and Human Resource Management deck follows the UGC NET Commerce Business Management and Human Resource Management syllabus — 1 chapters and 10 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 51.0 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 175 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Business Management and Human Resource Management flashcards FAQ
How many Business Management and Human Resource Management flashcards are in this UGC NET Commerce deck?
51 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these UGC NET Commerce flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 51-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Business Management and Human Resource Management cards cover?
They follow the UGC NET Commerce Business Management and Human Resource Management syllabus — 1 chapters and 10 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.