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PNC Licensing Examination Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing Flashcards
73 question-and-answer cards covering Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing as it is examined in PNC Licensing Examination. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
List the '4 T's' causes of postpartum hemorrhage.
Tone (uterine atony), Trauma (lacerations/hematoma), Tissue (retained placenta/products), and Thrombin (coagulation disorders).
What are the WHO recommendations for initiation and duration of exclusive breastfeeding?
Initiate breastfeeding within the first hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months, then continued breastfeeding with complementary foods up to 2 years or beyond.
What is colostrum and why is it important for the newborn?
Colostrum is the thick, yellowish first milk produced in the first few days. It is rich in protein, antibodies (especially IgA), and is laxative (aids meconium passage), providing passive immunity and nutrition.
Which hormones control milk production and milk ejection (let-down), and what stimulates each?
Prolactin (from anterior pituitary) stimulates milk production; oxytocin (from posterior pituitary) causes the let-down/milk ejection reflex. Both are stimulated by infant suckling at the breast.
What are the signs of a good latch during breastfeeding?
Mouth wide open, lips flanged outward, more areola visible above than below, chin touching the breast, rhythmic suckling and audible swallowing, and no maternal nipple pain.
What is the recommended frequency of breastfeeding for a healthy newborn in the first weeks?
On demand, at least 8-12 times in 24 hours (roughly every 2-3 hours), including night feeds.
What are the components of the APGAR score and at what times is it assessed?
Appearance (color), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex irritability), Activity (muscle tone), and Respiration. Each scored 0-2 (max 10); assessed at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
What APGAR score range indicates a newborn needs no intervention versus needs active resuscitation?
7-10 indicates good condition (routine care); 4-6 indicates moderate distress (needs stimulation/support); 0-3 indicates severe distress requiring immediate active resuscitation.
What are the immediate (golden minute) priorities of newborn care at birth?
Dry and provide warmth, clear the airway if needed, stimulate, assess breathing and heart rate, and initiate skin-to-skin contact; delay cord clamping if the baby is vigorous.
What is the normal newborn respiratory rate and heart rate range?
Respiratory rate 30-60 breaths per minute; heart rate 110-160 beats per minute.
Why and when is vitamin K given to newborns?
Vitamin K (1 mg IM) is given within the first hour(s) after birth to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding (hemorrhagic disease of the newborn), as newborns have low vitamin K stores and sterile gut.
What is the first step (initial steps within 30 seconds) of neonatal resuscitation?
Provide warmth, position the head (sniffing/neutral position) and clear the airway if needed, dry, and stimulate the baby - while assessing breathing and heart rate.
In neonatal resuscitation, what heart rate threshold indicates the need to begin positive pressure ventilation (PPV)?
If the newborn is apneic/gasping or the heart rate is below 100 beats per minute after the initial steps, begin positive pressure ventilation.
In neonatal resuscitation, at what heart rate are chest compressions started, and at what compression-to-ventilation ratio?
Chest compressions are started if the heart rate remains below 60 bpm despite 30 seconds of effective PPV, using a 3:1 compression-to-ventilation ratio (90 compressions and 30 breaths per minute).
What is the dose and route of epinephrine (adrenaline) in neonatal resuscitation?
Epinephrine 0.01-0.03 mg/kg (1:10,000 solution) intravenously/intraosseously, preferred via umbilical vein; it is given when the heart rate remains below 60 bpm despite adequate ventilation and chest compressions.
What is the recommended initial oxygen concentration for resuscitating a term newborn, and why?
Room air (21% oxygen) for term infants, titrating up using pulse oximetry, because excessive oxygen can cause oxidative injury; supplemental oxygen is added only if saturations remain low.
How is gestational/pregnancy-induced hypertension defined?
New-onset blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher on two occasions at least 4-6 hours apart, after 20 weeks of gestation, in a previously normotensive woman, without proteinuria or end-organ involvement.
What is the diagnostic triad/criteria for preeclampsia?
New-onset hypertension (BP greater than or equal to 140/90) after 20 weeks gestation plus proteinuria (greater than or equal to 300 mg/24h) OR other end-organ dysfunction (e.g., thrombocytopenia, renal/liver impairment, neurological symptoms, pulmonary edema).
How is severe preeclampsia distinguished from mild preeclampsia?
Severe features include BP greater than or equal to 160/110, severe headache, visual disturbances, epigastric/RUQ pain, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes, renal impairment, or pulmonary edema.
What is eclampsia?
The onset of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (convulsions) in a woman with preeclampsia, not attributable to other causes; it is an obstetric emergency.
What is the drug of choice to prevent and treat eclamptic seizures, and what is the monitoring concern?
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is the drug of choice. Monitor for signs of magnesium toxicity: loss of deep tendon (patellar) reflexes, respiratory depression (under 12/min), and reduced urine output (under 30 mL/h).
What is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?
Calcium gluconate (10 mL of 10% solution given slowly IV).
What does the HELLP syndrome stand for and which condition is it associated with?
Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets - a severe variant/complication of preeclampsia.
What are the first-line antihypertensive drugs used in severe pregnancy-induced hypertension?
Labetalol, hydralazine, and oral nifedipine are first-line agents to control acute severe hypertension in pregnancy. (ACE inhibitors and ARBs are contraindicated.)
What this deck covers
The Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing deck follows the PNC Licensing Examination Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing syllabus — 6 chapters and 21 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 12.2 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 168 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing flashcards FAQ
How many Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing flashcards are in this PNC Licensing Examination deck?
73 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these PNC Licensing Examination flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 73-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing cards cover?
They follow the PNC Licensing Examination Maternal, Child and Obstetric Nursing syllabus — 6 chapters and 21 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.