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IPU CET Chemistry Flashcards
51 question-and-answer cards covering Chemistry as it is examined in IPU CET. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Chemistry deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
State the Arrhenius equation and what each term represents.
k = A e^(-Ea/RT), where A is the frequency factor, Ea is activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.
How does a catalyst affect a reaction?
A catalyst increases reaction rate by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy; it does not change ΔG or the equilibrium position.
State Faraday's first law of electrolysis.
The mass of a substance deposited at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed: m = (E x I x t)/F, where E is equivalent weight and F = 96500 C.
Give the Nernst equation for an electrode/cell at 298 K.
E_cell = E°_cell - (0.0591/n) log Q, where n is the number of electrons transferred and Q is the reaction quotient.
What is the relationship between standard cell EMF and Gibbs free energy?
ΔG° = -nFE°_cell, where n is moles of electrons, F is the Faraday constant. A positive E°_cell means a spontaneous (galvanic) cell.
State Raoult's law for a solution of a non-volatile solute.
The relative lowering of vapour pressure equals the mole fraction of the solute: (P° - P)/P° = x_solute.
List the four colligative properties of solutions.
Relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, and osmotic pressure.
Give the formula for osmotic pressure and the van't Hoff factor's role.
π = CRT (or π = iCRT for electrolytes), where C is molarity, R the gas constant, T temperature, and i the van't Hoff factor accounting for dissociation/association.
What is the difference between a lyophilic and a lyophobic colloid?
Lyophilic (solvent-loving) colloids are stable and reversible (e.g., starch, gelatin); lyophobic (solvent-hating) colloids are unstable, irreversible, and need stabilizers (e.g., metal sols).
What are the Tyndall effect and Brownian motion in colloids?
Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by colloidal particles making the beam visible; Brownian motion is the random zig-zag movement of colloidal particles due to molecular collisions.
Distinguish physisorption from chemisorption.
Physisorption involves weak van der Waals forces, is reversible, low enthalpy, multilayer; chemisorption involves chemical bonds, is irreversible, high enthalpy, and monolayer.
State the modern periodic law and how the table is arranged.
Properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers. The table is arranged in increasing atomic number across 18 groups and 7 periods.
How do atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity vary across a period and down a group?
Across a period (left to right): atomic radius decreases; ionization energy and electronegativity increase. Down a group: atomic radius increases; ionization energy and electronegativity decrease.
Why are alkali metals (s-block Group 1) highly reactive?
They have a single, loosely held valence electron with low ionization energy, easily lost to form +1 ions; reactivity increases down the group.
What is diagonal relationship, with an example from s-block elements?
Similarity in properties between an element and the element diagonally to its lower right, due to similar charge/radius ratio. Example: Li resembles Mg; Be resembles Al.
Why does boron show anomalous behaviour in the p-block, and what is inert pair effect?
Boron is small, has high ionization energy and no d-orbitals, so it forms covalent compounds. Inert pair effect is the reluctance of the ns2 pair to participate in bonding, making lower oxidation states more stable down a group (e.g., Pb2+ > Pb4+).
Why are transition (d-block) elements coloured and good catalysts?
They show colour due to d-d electronic transitions of partially filled d-orbitals, and act as catalysts due to variable oxidation states and ability to form complexes/adsorb reactants.
What is lanthanoid contraction and one of its consequences?
The steady decrease in size of lanthanoid ions with increasing atomic number due to poor shielding by 4f electrons. Consequence: second and third transition series elements have nearly identical sizes (e.g., Zr and Hf).
State Werner's coordination theory terms: coordination number and ligand.
Coordination number is the number of ligand donor atoms bonded to the central metal ion; a ligand is an ion or molecule that donates a lone pair to the central metal atom/ion.
What does crystal field theory explain about octahedral complexes?
Ligands split the metal d-orbitals into lower-energy t2g and higher-energy eg sets (splitting energy Δo). The magnitude of Δo determines colour and whether the complex is high-spin (weak field) or low-spin (strong field).
What are the main steps in the extraction of a metal from its ore (metallurgy)?
Concentration of ore, conversion to oxide (roasting/calcination), reduction of oxide to metal, and refining/purification.
In the carbon mechanism, classify a reaction: what are electrophiles and nucleophiles?
An electrophile is an electron-deficient species that accepts an electron pair (e.g., NO2+); a nucleophile is an electron-rich species that donates an electron pair (e.g., OH-, CN-).
State Markovnikov's rule for addition of HX to an unsymmetrical alkene.
When HX adds to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen attaches to the carbon already bearing more hydrogens, and X to the carbon with fewer hydrogens (forming the more stable carbocation).
Distinguish SN1 and SN2 nucleophilic substitution mechanisms.
SN1: two-step, carbocation intermediate, first-order kinetics, racemization, favoured by tertiary halides/polar protic solvents. SN2: one-step, concerted, second-order kinetics, inversion of configuration (Walden inversion), favoured by primary halides/polar aprotic solvents.
What this deck covers
The Chemistry deck follows the IPU CET Chemistry syllabus — 5 chapters and 26 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 10.2 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 171 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Chemistry flashcards FAQ
How many Chemistry flashcards are in this IPU CET deck?
51 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these IPU CET flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 51-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Chemistry cards cover?
They follow the IPU CET Chemistry syllabus — 5 chapters and 26 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.