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🇮🇳 ICSE Class 10 · flashcards
ICSE Class 10 Geography Flashcards
54 question-and-answer cards covering Geography as it is examined in ICSE Class 10. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Geography deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What special root adaptation do mangrove (tidal/littoral) forests have and why?
Breathing roots (pneumatophores) that rise above water to absorb oxygen in the waterlogged, saline tidal mud; e.g., Sundari trees of the Sundarbans.
Name two ways the Indian government conserves forests.
Afforestation/social forestry programmes and creating reserved forests, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves (any two).
Distinguish between perennial and seasonal irrigation by source.
Perennial irrigation supplies water all year (canals from snow-fed rivers, dams, tube wells); seasonal/inundation irrigation depends on monsoon-fed wells and tanks.
Why is well and tube-well irrigation most common in the northern plains?
The plains have soft alluvial soil that is easy to dig, a high water table, and level land that makes wells and tube wells cheap and effective.
Why is tank irrigation common in peninsular (southern) India?
The hard, impermeable rock and uneven relief allow natural depressions to store rainwater, while rivers are seasonal, so tanks are a reliable local source.
What is rainwater harvesting and why is it important for water resources?
Collecting and storing rainwater (rooftop or surface) for use or to recharge groundwater; it conserves water and raises falling water tables.
What is a multipurpose river valley project? Give one Indian example.
A dam project serving several purposes at once - irrigation, hydroelectricity, flood control, navigation and fishing; e.g., Bhakra-Nangal on the Sutlej.
Name the three main types of iron ore mined in India in order of quality.
Magnetite (best, ~70% iron), haematite (most used, ~60-70%), and limonite/siderite (inferior).
Why is manganese important and what is its chief use?
It is essential for making strong, hard steel (removes oxygen and sulphur) and for dry batteries; India is a leading producer.
Name the four ranks of coal in increasing order of carbon content and quality.
Peat, lignite (brown coal), bituminous, and anthracite (highest carbon and best quality).
Why is bauxite important and what metal is extracted from it?
Bauxite is the chief ore of aluminium, a light, corrosion-resistant metal used in aircraft, utensils and electrical cables.
What is the difference between metallic and non-metallic minerals? Give one example of each.
Metallic minerals yield metals (e.g., iron ore, bauxite); non-metallic minerals do not contain metals (e.g., limestone, mica).
Why is mica valuable and in which industry is it mainly used?
Mica is an excellent electrical insulator that resists heat; it is used in the electrical and electronics industry; India is a leading producer of high-quality mica.
Distinguish between subsistence and commercial (intensive) agriculture.
Subsistence farming produces food mainly for the farmer's own family with simple tools; commercial farming produces crops for sale in the market on a large scale.
State the geographical conditions required for growing rice.
High temperature (above 25 C), heavy rainfall (above 100 cm) or assured irrigation, level low-lying land, and fertile alluvial/clayey soil with abundant cheap labour.
Why is sugarcane grown more in the peninsula (Maharashtra) at higher yield than in the north?
The peninsula has a longer growing season, no frost, and a maritime climate, giving higher sucrose content and yield than the frost-prone north (though north grows a larger area).
What is a plantation crop? Name two grown in India.
A single cash crop grown on a large estate for sale/export with heavy capital and labour; e.g., tea, coffee, rubber (any two).
Why is the iron and steel industry called a 'basic' or 'key' industry?
Because its product (steel) is the raw material for almost all other industries - machinery, transport, construction and tools - so it underpins industrial growth.
Distinguish between agro-based and mineral-based industries with one example each.
Agro-based industries use farm produce as raw material (e.g., cotton textiles, sugar); mineral-based industries use minerals (e.g., iron and steel, aluminium).
Why is the cotton textile industry concentrated in Maharashtra and Gujarat (Mumbai-Ahmedabad)?
Nearby black-soil cotton, a humid coastal climate, port facilities, capital, power and a large market and skilled labour favour the industry.
Compare the four main means of transport in India by their key advantage.
Roadways give door-to-door reach; railways carry bulky goods/passengers cheaply over land; waterways are cheapest for heavy bulky cargo; airways are fastest over long distances and difficult terrain.
What are biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes? Give one example of each.
Biodegradable waste decomposes naturally by microbes (e.g., food/paper); non-biodegradable waste does not decompose easily (e.g., plastic, glass, metal).
What is the difference between waste segregation and composting in waste management?
Segregation is separating waste at source into wet/dry (biodegradable/non-biodegradable); composting is the controlled biological decay of organic waste into manure.
What are the '4 Rs' of effective waste management?
Refuse, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle - minimising waste generation and converting waste back into useful products.
What this deck covers
The Geography deck follows the ICSE Class 10 Geography syllabus — 1 chapters and 12 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 54.0 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 146 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Geography flashcards FAQ
How many Geography flashcards are in this ICSE Class 10 deck?
54 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these ICSE Class 10 flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 54-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Geography cards cover?
They follow the ICSE Class 10 Geography syllabus — 1 chapters and 12 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.