ETEA Medical Test English Flashcards

24 sample cards from the English deck

Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.

1. In reported speech, how do 'now', 'today', and 'tomorrow' change?

   Now to then, today to that day, tomorrow to the next day/the following day, yesterday to the previous day/the day before, and here to there.

2. How is a direct question reported in indirect speech?

   Use 'asked' with no question mark and statement word order. Yes/no questions use 'if/whether'; wh-questions keep the wh-word (He asked where I was going).

3. How are imperatives (commands/requests) changed to reported speech?

   Use a reporting verb like told/ordered/requested/advised + object + to-infinitive (He told me to sit down; She requested him not to smoke).

4. What is the difference between active and passive voice?

   In active voice the subject performs the action (The cat caught the mouse). In passive voice the subject receives the action (The mouse was caught by the cat).

5. What is the general rule for converting active to passive voice?

   The object becomes the subject, use the correct form of 'be' + past participle of the main verb, and the original subject becomes the agent introduced by 'by' (often optional).

6. How is a present simple sentence made passive? Give the formula.

   Active: Subject + verb(s/es) + object. Passive: Object + is/am/are + past participle + by + subject (They make cars -> Cars are made).

7. How is a past simple sentence made passive?

   Use was/were + past participle (He wrote a letter -> A letter was written by him).

8. How is a present perfect sentence made passive?

   Use has/have been + past participle (She has finished the work -> The work has been finished by her).

9. How is a modal verb sentence (e.g., 'can do') made passive?

   Use modal + be + past participle (You can solve it -> It can be solved by you).

10. What is a synonym? Give a synonym for 'abundant'.

    A synonym is a word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another. A synonym for 'abundant' is plentiful (also ample, copious).

11. Give a synonym for the word 'benevolent'.

    Kind (also kindhearted, generous, charitable, compassionate).

12. Give a synonym for the word 'candid'.

    Frank (also honest, straightforward, open, blunt).

13. What is an antonym? Give the antonym of 'optimistic'.

    An antonym is a word opposite in meaning to another. The antonym of 'optimistic' is pessimistic.

14. Give the antonym of the word 'transparent'.

    Opaque.

15. Give the antonym of the word 'condemn'.

    Praise (also approve, commend, applaud).

16. What is a verbal analogy, and what is the first step in solving one?

    An analogy tests the logical relationship between a pair of words. The first step is to identify the exact relationship in the given pair, then apply that same relationship to the answer choices.

17. In the analogy Hand : Glove :: Foot : ?, what is the answer and the relationship?

    Sock. The relationship is 'object : the covering worn over it'.

18. In the analogy Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ?, what is the answer?

    School. The relationship is 'professional : place of work'.

19. What is 'one word substitution'? Give the term for 'a person who knows many languages'.

    One word substitution replaces a phrase with a single precise word. A person who knows many languages is a polyglot.

20. What single word means 'a doctor who treats children'?

    Pediatrician.

21. What single word means 'a person who eats only plant-based food / no meat'?

    Vegetarian (a person who eats no flesh; one eating no animal products at all is a vegan).

22. What single word means 'a government run by a few people'?

    Oligarchy.

23. What single word means 'words written on a tomb / in memory of a buried person'?

    Epitaph.

24. What single word means 'one who studies the weather'?

    Meteorologist.

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