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🇵🇰 DPT Admission Test · flashcards
DPT Admission Test Biology Flashcards
55 question-and-answer cards covering Biology as it is examined in DPT Admission Test. 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Biology deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Saturated fatty acids have no carbon-carbon double bonds (single bonds only) and are usually solid at room temperature. Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds and are usually liquid (oils).
What is the structure of a phospholipid and why is it important in membranes?
A phospholipid has a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid tails and a phosphate-containing head. The hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails make it amphipathic, allowing it to form the bilayer of cell membranes.
Name three biological functions of lipids.
Long-term energy storage, thermal insulation and protection, and forming components of cell membranes; they also serve as precursors for steroid hormones.
What are the three components of a single nucleotide?
A pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Name the nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA and the base-pairing rules.
DNA: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), cytosine (C); RNA replaces thymine with uracil (U). Pairing: A-T (A-U in RNA) and G-C.
List three key structural differences between DNA and RNA.
DNA has deoxyribose sugar, the base thymine, and is double-stranded; RNA has ribose sugar, the base uracil, and is usually single-stranded.
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together, and how many bonds for each base pair?
Hydrogen bonds; A-T pairs have 2 hydrogen bonds and G-C pairs have 3 hydrogen bonds.
Name the three types of RNA and their functions.
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA; tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome; rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms part of the ribosome.
List four properties of water that make it biologically important.
High specific heat capacity (temperature regulation), excellent solvent (transport medium), high cohesion and surface tension, and it acts as a reactant/medium for metabolic reactions like hydrolysis.
Why is water described as a 'universal solvent'?
Water is polar, so it readily dissolves polar and ionic substances by forming hydration shells around them, making it the medium for most biochemical reactions and transport.
According to the induced-fit model, how does an enzyme bind its substrate?
The active site is not rigid; when the substrate approaches, the active site changes shape slightly to fit snugly around the substrate, optimizing catalysis.
How do enzymes speed up reactions?
Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction by binding substrates at the active site to form an enzyme-substrate complex, without being consumed themselves.
How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?
Activity increases with temperature up to an optimum, then falls as the enzyme denatures. Each enzyme has an optimum pH; deviation reduces activity and extremes cause denaturation.
What is the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme reaction rate?
Rate increases with substrate concentration until all active sites are saturated, after which the rate plateaus at Vmax (maximum velocity).
Differentiate between competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition.
A competitive inhibitor resembles the substrate and binds the active site (can be overcome by more substrate). A non-competitive inhibitor binds a site other than the active site, changing the enzyme's shape (not overcome by more substrate).
Write the overall balanced equation for photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 6H2O --(light, chlorophyll)--> C6H12O6 + 6O2.
Write the overall balanced equation for aerobic respiration and state the net ATP yield.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy; complete aerobic respiration of one glucose yields about 36-38 ATP.
Name the four stages of aerobic respiration and where each occurs.
Glycolysis (cytoplasm), link reaction and Krebs cycle (mitochondrial matrix), and the electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation (inner mitochondrial membrane).
What are the functions of the stomach, small intestine, and pancreas in digestion?
The stomach secretes acid and pepsin to begin protein digestion; the small intestine is the main site of digestion and absorption; the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine.
Trace the path of blood through the human heart starting from the body.
Body -> superior/inferior vena cava -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery -> lungs -> pulmonary veins -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta -> body.
How does gas exchange occur in the alveoli of the lungs?
Oxygen diffuses from the alveolar air (high O2) into the blood capillaries, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled, across the thin moist alveolar walls.
What are the three main parts of a neuron and the function of each?
Dendrites receive impulses, the cell body (soma) integrates them, and the axon transmits impulses away to other cells (often insulated by a myelin sheath).
What are the two divisions of the human nervous system, and what does each include?
The central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (all nerves outside the CNS, including the somatic and autonomic systems).
What is a synapse and how is a nerve impulse transmitted across it?
A synapse is the junction between two neurons. The impulse is carried across the synaptic cleft by neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic neuron, which bind receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
What this deck covers
The Biology deck follows the DPT Admission Test Biology syllabus — 10 chapters and 35 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 5.5 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 159 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Biology flashcards FAQ
How many Biology flashcards are in this DPT Admission Test deck?
55 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these DPT Admission Test flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 55-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Biology cards cover?
They follow the DPT Admission Test Biology syllabus — 10 chapters and 35 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.