CSS Gender Studies Gender-Based Violence Flashcards

24 sample cards from the Gender-Based Violence deck

Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.

1. Give three examples of direct violence against women.

   Rape and sexual assault; domestic battering/intimate partner violence; acid attacks, 'honour' killings, and female genital mutilation.

2. How does structural violence differ from direct violence in terms of visibility and perpetrator?

   Direct violence is visible with an identifiable perpetrator and immediate harm; structural violence is invisible, built into institutions, slow-acting, and lacks a single identifiable actor.

3. What is 'symbolic violence' (Pierre Bourdieu)?

   The imposition of dominant norms and meanings that the dominated accept as legitimate, leading women to internalise their own subordination as natural — a subtle, non-physical reinforcement of male domination.

4. What is sexual harassment as a form of GBV?

   Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favours, or other verbal/physical conduct of a sexual nature that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive environment, especially in workplaces and public spaces.

5. Define 'forced/child marriage' as gender-based violence.

   A marriage entered without the free and full consent of one or both parties, or involving a person below 18; it denies autonomy and often leads to early pregnancy, abuse, and curtailed education.

6. What is Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)?

   The partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to female genital organs for non-medical reasons; recognised internationally as a harmful traditional practice and a violation of human rights.

7. What is 'trafficking' as a form of gender-based violence?

   The recruitment, transport, or harbouring of persons through force, fraud, or coercion for exploitation — including sexual exploitation, forced labour, or forced marriage — which disproportionately affects women and girls.

8. What is an acid attack and why is it considered gendered violence?

   The deliberate throwing of acid on a person to disfigure, maim, or kill; it is gendered because victims are predominantly women targeted over refused marriage/sexual advances, dowry, or 'honour' disputes.

9. What is 'psychological/emotional violence'?

   Acts such as threats, humiliation, isolation, constant criticism, intimidation, and controlling behaviour that harm a person's mental health and self-worth without physical contact.

10. Name the landmark international convention addressing discrimination against women adopted in 1979.

    CEDAW — the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, often called the international bill of rights for women; Pakistan ratified it in 1996.

11. What is CEDAW General Recommendation No. 19 (1992) significant for?

    It explicitly recognised gender-based violence as a form of discrimination against women that seriously inhibits their ability to enjoy rights and freedoms on an equal basis with men.

12. What did the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995) contribute to combating GBV?

    It identified 'violence against women' as one of 12 critical areas of concern and set strategic objectives for states to prevent and eliminate it through legal, social, and institutional measures.

13. What is the relevant UN Sustainable Development Goal target for eliminating violence against women?

    SDG 5 (Gender Equality), particularly Target 5.2: eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual exploitation.

14. What primary-prevention strategy targets the root causes of GBV?

    Transforming harmful gender norms and patriarchal attitudes through education, awareness campaigns, and engaging men and boys — preventing violence before it occurs rather than only responding after.

15. Distinguish primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of GBV.

    Primary: stop violence before it starts (changing norms/education). Secondary: immediate response to limit harm (helplines, crisis services). Tertiary: long-term care for survivors and rehabilitation of perpetrators to prevent recurrence.

16. What is the role of legal reform in eliminating violence against women?

    Enacting and enforcing laws that criminalise GBV, removing discriminatory provisions, ensuring access to justice, protection orders, and punishment of perpetrators, thereby deterring violence and protecting victims.

17. What is women's economic empowerment as a strategy against GBV?

    Improving women's access to education, employment, income, credit, and property rights to reduce financial dependence on abusers and lower their vulnerability to violence.

18. How does engaging men and boys help eliminate violence against women?

    By challenging toxic masculinity and harmful norms, modelling non-violent behaviour, and making men allies and agents of change rather than only targets of blame — e.g., the HeForShe campaign.

19. What support services are central to a survivor-centred response to GBV?

    Shelters/safe houses, helplines, free legal aid, medical and psychosocial counselling, and one-stop crisis centres that provide integrated support while respecting survivors' choices and confidentiality.

20. Name two key Pakistani laws addressing gender-based violence.

    The Protection of Women (Criminal Laws Amendment) Act 2006; the Anti-Honour Killing Laws (Criminal Laws Amendment) Act 2016; and the Punjab Protection of Women Against Violence Act 2016 (any two).

21. What did Pakistan's Anti-Rape (Investigation and Trial) Act 2021 introduce?

    Special courts for speedy rape trials, anti-rape crisis cells, a national sex-offender register, protection of victim identity, and provisions for using DNA and modern evidence.

22. What is the significance of the Punjab Protection of Women Against Violence Act 2016?

    It established protection centres, GBV helplines, protection/residence/monitoring orders, and women protection officers, offering a civil-remedy framework against domestic violence in Punjab.

23. Why are awareness and education considered foundational strategies against GBV?

    Because GBV is sustained by social acceptance and silence; education and awareness shift attitudes, empower victims to report, reduce stigma, and build community intolerance toward violence.

24. What is a 'multi-sectoral approach' to eliminating violence against women?

    A coordinated strategy integrating the legal/justice, health, education, social welfare, and police sectors — plus civil society — so prevention, protection, prosecution, and provision of services work together rather than in isolation.

What this deck covers

Gender-Based Violence flashcards FAQ