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CFTRI M.Sc. (Food Technology) Botany & Zoology Flashcards
51 question-and-answer cards covering Botany & Zoology as it is examined in CFTRI M.Sc. (Food Technology). 24 of them are printed below, taken from across the deck — no signup, no paywall on the preview.
24 sample cards from the Botany & Zoology deck
Sampled from the end of the deck, so these are different cards from the ones shown on the syllabus page.
What distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?
Plant cells have a cellulose cell wall, large central vacuole, and chloroplasts; animal cells lack these and have centrioles.
Write the overall equation for photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 (in the presence of chlorophyll).
Differentiate the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis.
Light reactions occur in thylakoids producing ATP, NADPH, and O2; the dark reaction (Calvin cycle) occurs in the stroma fixing CO2 into glucose.
Write the overall equation for aerobic respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP).
What is transpiration?
The loss of water vapor from aerial parts of the plant, mainly through stomata.
Define osmosis.
The movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential (lower solute concentration) to lower water potential across a semipermeable membrane.
What is the function of stomata and guard cells?
Stomata are pores for gas exchange and transpiration; guard cells regulate their opening and closing by changing turgor.
Name the major plant hormones and one function of each.
Auxin (cell elongation), Gibberellin (stem growth/germination), Cytokinin (cell division), Abscisic acid (dormancy/stress closure of stomata), Ethylene (fruit ripening).
What is economic botany?
The study of plants useful to humans, including food, fiber, medicine, timber, and other commercial products.
Name three major cereal crops and their family.
Rice, wheat, and maize, all belonging to the family Poaceae (Gramineae).
From which plant part is cotton fiber obtained?
From the seed surface (epidermal hairs) of Gossypium species (family Malvaceae).
What plant source yields cane sugar, and what is the product?
Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) yields sucrose (table sugar).
Name two important pulses (legumes) and their nutritional significance.
Chickpea (gram) and lentil; legumes are rich in protein and, via root nodules, fix atmospheric nitrogen.
From which plant is natural rubber obtained?
From the latex of Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree).
Name two beverage plants and the part used.
Tea (Camellia sinensis, young leaves) and coffee (Coffea arabica, seeds/beans).
What is plant tissue culture?
The in-vitro aseptic culture of plant cells, tissues, or organs on a nutrient medium under controlled conditions.
What is totipotency?
The ability of a single plant cell to divide and differentiate to regenerate a complete new plant.
What is an explant?
The piece of plant tissue excised and used to initiate a tissue culture.
What is callus in tissue culture?
An unorganized, undifferentiated mass of dividing cells formed from an explant on culture medium.
What is micropropagation?
Rapid clonal multiplication of plants in vitro to produce large numbers of genetically identical plantlets.
Name the most widely used basal medium in plant tissue culture.
Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium.
What is somatic embryogenesis?
The development of embryos from somatic (non-reproductive) cells in culture, without fertilization.
What is a transgenic plant, and give a common example.
A plant whose genome has been modified by introducing a foreign gene; e.g., Bt cotton carrying a Bacillus thuringiensis gene for insect resistance.
Which bacterium is used as a natural vector for plant genetic transformation?
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which transfers T-DNA from its Ti plasmid into the plant genome.
What this deck covers
The Botany & Zoology deck follows the CFTRI M.Sc. (Food Technology) Botany & Zoology syllabus — 1 chapters and 5 topics — so questions land on material that is genuinely examinable rather than trivia around it. That works out to roughly 51.0 cards per chapter.
Answers are written to be recallable, not just readable — averaging about 97 characters, which is long enough to carry the reasoning and short enough to say out loud.
A deck like this earns its keep on the second and third pass. Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then use the cards to find the specific facts that have not stuck.
Botany & Zoology flashcards FAQ
How many Botany & Zoology flashcards are in this CFTRI M.Sc. (Food Technology) deck?
51 cards. This page previews 24 of them, sampled evenly across the deck so you can judge the difficulty before installing anything.
Are these CFTRI M.Sc. (Food Technology) flashcards free?
Yes. The preview here is free to read with no signup, and the full 51-card deck is free inside the Examius app.
What do the Botany & Zoology cards cover?
They follow the CFTRI M.Sc. (Food Technology) Botany & Zoology syllabus — 1 chapters and 5 topics — so the questions track what is actually examinable.
How should I use these flashcards?
Read the syllabus first so you know the shape of the subject, then drill the deck. Examius schedules each card with spaced repetition, so cards you keep missing come back sooner and ones you know drift further apart.