Super TET / State TET Environmental Studies and Science (Paryavaran evam Vigyan) Syllabus

Environmental Studies and Science (Paryavaran evam Vigyan) syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Environmental Studies and Science (Paryavaran evam Vigyan) in Super TET / State TET, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Living World

   3 topics

   • Plants and Animals
     • Classification, structure and adaptation of plants
     • Classification and habitats of animals
   • Human Body and Health
     • Human body systems and their functions
     • Nutrition, balanced diet and deficiency diseases
     • Communicable and non-communicable diseases
   • Cell and Microorganisms
     • Cell as basic unit of life
     • Useful and harmful microorganisms
2. 2

   Physical World and Natural Phenomena

   4 topics

   • Matter and Its States
     • Solids, liquids and gases; changes of state
     • Physical and chemical changes
   • Force, Motion and Energy
     • Types of forces and simple machines
     • Forms and conversion of energy
   • Light, Sound and Heat
     • Reflection, refraction and sources of light
     • Production and properties of sound; effects of heat
   • Electricity and Magnetism
     • Electric circuits and conductors
     • Properties and uses of magnets
3. 3

   Natural Resources and Environment

   3 topics

   • Air, Water and Soil
     • Composition, importance and conservation
     • Sources and effects of pollution
   • Our Environment and Ecosystem
     • Food chain, food web and biodiversity
     • Natural resources and their conservation
   • Environmental Issues
     • Global warming, climate change and ozone depletion
     • Waste management and sustainable development
4. 4

   Pedagogy of Environmental Studies

   3 topics

   • Concept and Scope of EVS
     • Meaning, significance and integrated nature of EVS
     • EVS in relation to science and social science
   • Approaches and Activities
     • Experimentation, discussion, CCE and project work
     • Activities, experiments and discovery learning
   • Teaching Aids and Evaluation
     • Learning principles and teaching material
     • Continuous and comprehensive evaluation in EVS

Environmental Studies and Science (Paryavaran evam Vigyan) flashcards for Super TET / State TET

21 of 51 cards from the Environmental Studies and Science (Paryavaran evam Vigyan) deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. What is photosynthesis, and what is its overall word equation?

   The process by which green plants make food using sunlight. Equation: Carbon dioxide + Water --(sunlight, chlorophyll)--> Glucose + Oxygen.

2. What are the four main groups of the plant kingdom in increasing complexity?

   Thallophyta (algae), Bryophyta (mosses), Pteridophyta (ferns), and Spermatophyta/Phanerogams (seed plants: gymnosperms and angiosperms).

3. What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

   Autotrophs make their own food (e.g., green plants via photosynthesis); heterotrophs depend on others for food (e.g., animals, fungi).

4. Name the functions of the main parts of a plant: root, stem, leaf, flower.

   Root: absorbs water/minerals and anchors. Stem: support and transport. Leaf: photosynthesis and transpiration. Flower: reproduction.

5. What is the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates?

   Vertebrates have a backbone/vertebral column (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals); invertebrates lack a backbone (insects, worms, molluscs).

6. What distinguishes mammals from other vertebrate classes?

   Mammals are warm-blooded, have hair/fur, breathe with lungs, give birth to live young (mostly), and feed young with milk from mammary glands.

7. What is the difference between herbivores, carnivores and omnivores?

   Herbivores eat only plants (cow), carnivores eat only other animals (lion), omnivores eat both plants and animals (humans, crow).

8. How many bones are in the adult human body, and what is the body's hardest substance?

   The adult human body has 206 bones. The hardest substance is tooth enamel.

9. Name the main human body systems and one key function of each (digestive, respiratory, circulatory).

   Digestive: breaks down food. Respiratory: gas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out). Circulatory: transports blood, nutrients, and oxygen via heart and vessels.

10. What are the four chambers of the human heart?

    Two atria (right and left) on top and two ventricles (right and left) on the bottom.

11. What are the components of blood and their main functions?

    Plasma (fluid transport), red blood cells (carry oxygen via hemoglobin), white blood cells (immunity), platelets (clotting).

12. List the main vitamins and a deficiency disease for each (A, C, D, B1).

    Vitamin A: night blindness; Vitamin C: scurvy; Vitamin D: rickets; Vitamin B1 (thiamine): beriberi.

13. What are the six major classes of nutrients required by the human body?

    Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

14. Which organ is the largest in the human body, and which is the largest internal organ?

    The skin is the largest organ overall; the liver is the largest internal organ.

15. What is the cell, and who discovered it?

    The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Robert Hooke discovered the cell (1665) by observing cork.

16. What are the key differences between plant cells and animal cells?

    Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole; animal cells lack these and usually have smaller vacuoles and a centriole.

17. Why is the mitochondrion called the 'powerhouse of the cell'?

    Because it produces energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

18. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    Prokaryotic cells lack a true (membrane-bound) nucleus and organelles (bacteria); eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (plants, animals).

19. Name the main groups of microorganisms.

    Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and some algae.

20. Give one useful and one harmful role of microorganisms.

    Useful: bacteria convert milk to curd / fix nitrogen in soil. Harmful: cause diseases like tuberculosis, malaria, and food spoilage.

21. What are the three states of matter and how do their particle arrangements differ?

    Solid (particles tightly packed, fixed shape/volume), liquid (loosely packed, fixed volume but takes container shape), gas (far apart, no fixed shape or volume).

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