RRB Group D General Science - Life Sciences Syllabus

General Science - Life Sciences syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for General Science - Life Sciences in RRB Group D, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Cell Biology and Tissues

   3 topics

   • Cell Structure and Function
     • Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
     • Cell organelles and their functions
     • Plant vs animal cells
   • Cell Division
     • Mitosis and meiosis basics
   • Tissues
     • Plant tissues
     • Animal tissues
2. 2

   Human Body Systems

   4 topics

   • Digestive and Respiratory Systems
     • Digestion and absorption
     • Breathing and respiration
   • Circulatory and Excretory Systems
     • Heart, blood and circulation
     • Kidneys and excretion
   • Nervous and Endocrine Systems
     • Neurons and reflex action
     • Hormones and glands
   • Reproduction and Skeletal System
     • Human reproductive system
     • Bones, joints and muscles
3. 3

   Health, Nutrition and Diseases

   3 topics

   • Nutrition and Balanced Diet
     • Components of food and their functions
     • Vitamins, minerals and deficiency diseases
   • Diseases and Pathogens
     • Communicable and non-communicable diseases
     • Bacteria, viruses and other pathogens
   • Immunity and Vaccination
     • Types of immunity
     • Vaccines and prevention
4. 4

   Genetics, Evolution and Ecology

   4 topics

   • Heredity and Genetics
     • Mendel's laws of inheritance
     • DNA, genes and chromosomes
   • Evolution
     • Theories of evolution
   • Ecology and Environment
     • Ecosystem and food chains
     • Biodiversity and conservation
     • Environmental pollution
   • Plant Physiology
     • Photosynthesis and respiration in plants
     • Transpiration and transport in plants

General Science - Life Sciences flashcards for RRB Group D

21 of 51 cards from the General Science - Life Sciences deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?

   The cell. Discovered by Robert Hooke (1665); the cell theory states all living things are made of cells and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

2. Which cell organelle is called the 'powerhouse of the cell' and why?

   The mitochondrion. It produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

3. What is the function of the ribosome in a cell?

   Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis (translation of mRNA into proteins).

4. Which organelle controls all cell activities and contains the genetic material (DNA)?

   The nucleus.

5. State two key differences between a plant cell and an animal cell.

   Plant cells have a rigid cell wall and chloroplasts (and a large central vacuole); animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts and have small/no vacuoles.

6. Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?

   The chloroplast, which contains the green pigment chlorophyll.

7. What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

   Prokaryotic cells (e.g. bacteria) have no true membrane-bound nucleus or organelles; eukaryotic cells (plants, animals, fungi) have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

8. What is the function of the cell membrane (plasma membrane)?

   It is selectively permeable and controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

9. Which organelle is known as the 'suicide bag' of the cell?

   The lysosome, because it contains digestive enzymes that break down waste and can destroy the cell itself.

10. What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a cell?

    It transports materials within the cell; rough ER (with ribosomes) makes proteins, smooth ER makes lipids.

11. What are the two main types of cell division?

    Mitosis (for growth and repair, produces 2 identical diploid cells) and meiosis (for gamete formation, produces 4 haploid cells).

12. How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis and what is their chromosome number relative to the parent?

    Two daughter cells, each with the same (diploid) chromosome number as the parent cell.

13. How many daughter cells does meiosis produce and what is their chromosome number?

    Four daughter cells, each haploid (half the chromosome number of the parent).

14. Why is meiosis important for reproduction?

    It produces haploid gametes so that, on fertilization, the diploid number is restored; it also creates genetic variation through crossing over.

15. What is a tissue?

    A group of similar cells performing a common function.

16. Name the four main types of animal tissues.

    Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue.

17. Which animal tissue connects, supports, and binds other tissues, including blood and bone?

    Connective tissue.

18. Name the two main types of plant tissue based on growth.

    Meristematic tissue (actively dividing, causes growth) and permanent tissue (mature, non-dividing).

19. What are the three types of muscle tissue in the human body?

    Skeletal (voluntary), smooth (involuntary), and cardiac (heart) muscle.

20. What is the main function of the digestive system?

    To break down food into simpler absorbable nutrients and eliminate waste.

21. In which organ does most digestion and absorption of food occur?

    The small intestine.

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