PNC Licensing Examination Community Health and Public Health Nursing Syllabus

Community Health and Public Health Nursing syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Community Health and Public Health Nursing in PNC Licensing Examination, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Concepts of Community Health

   3 topics

   • Health, wellness, and determinants of health
   • Primary health care approach
   • Levels of prevention
2. 2

   Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases

   3 topics

   • Principles of epidemiology
   • Communicable disease control
   • Immunization and EPI program
3. 3

   Environmental and Occupational Health

   3 topics

   • Water, sanitation, and hygiene
   • Waste management
   • Occupational health hazards
4. 4

   Family and Maternal-Child Health Services

   3 topics

   • Family health nursing
   • Maternal and child health programs
   • Nutrition and health education
5. 5

   National Health Programs and Policy

   3 topics

   • Health care delivery system in Pakistan
   • National health programs and Lady Health Worker program
   • Disaster management and preparedness
6. 6

   Health Promotion and Education

   3 topics

   • Principles of health education
   • Communication and counseling
   • Behavior change and community mobilization

Community Health and Public Health Nursing flashcards for PNC Licensing Examination

19 of 51 cards from the Community Health and Public Health Nursing deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. Define "health" according to the WHO (1948).

   A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

2. What are the main determinants of health?

   Biological/genetic, environmental (physical and social), lifestyle/behavior, socio-economic conditions, and health care services.

3. Differentiate health from wellness.

   Health is a state of well-being (absence of disease); wellness is an active, dynamic process of making choices toward optimal physical, mental, and social functioning across the illness-wellness continuum.

4. Define primary health care (PHC) as per the Alma-Ata Declaration (1978).

   Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable methods, made universally accessible to individuals and families at a cost the community and country can afford, with their full participation.

5. What are the four key principles (pillars) of primary health care?

   Equitable distribution, community participation, intersectoral coordination, and appropriate technology.

6. List the essential elements of primary health care ("ELEMENTS" of Alma-Ata).

   Education about health, Local disease control, Expanded immunization (EPI), Maternal and child health/family planning, Essential drugs, Nutrition, Treatment of common diseases/injuries, Safe water and sanitation (8 elements).

7. Name the three levels of prevention.

   Primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention.

8. What is primary prevention? Give an example.

   Action taken before disease occurs to prevent its onset (in pre-pathogenesis phase). Examples: immunization, health education, safe water, balanced nutrition.

9. What is secondary prevention? Give an example.

   Action that halts disease progression at an early stage through early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Examples: screening (e.g., Pap smear, BP screening), case detection.

10. What is tertiary prevention? Give an example.

    Action to reduce disability and complications and to promote rehabilitation in established disease. Examples: physiotherapy, rehabilitation after stroke, prevention of diabetic complications.

11. What is primordial prevention?

    Prevention of the emergence of risk factors in populations where they have not yet appeared, mainly through health promotion and lifestyle changes (e.g., preventing children from adopting smoking).

12. Define epidemiology.

    The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.

13. Differentiate incidence from prevalence.

    Incidence = number of NEW cases of a disease in a population during a specified period. Prevalence = number of ALL existing (old + new) cases at a given point or period.

14. State the formula for the incidence rate.

    Incidence rate = (Number of new cases during a period / Population at risk during that period) x 1000.

15. State the formula for prevalence rate.

    Prevalence rate = (Total number of existing cases at a given time / Total population at that time) x 1000.

16. Define epidemic, endemic, and pandemic.

    Endemic = constant presence of a disease in a given area. Epidemic = occurrence of cases clearly in excess of normal expectancy. Pandemic = an epidemic spreading over several countries/continents affecting many people.

17. What is the epidemiological triad?

    The interaction of three factors causing disease: Agent, Host, and Environment.

18. Define case fatality rate and give its formula.

    Proportion of cases of a disease that result in death. CFR = (Number of deaths from a disease / Number of diagnosed cases of that disease) x 100.

19. What is herd immunity?

    The resistance of a community to the spread of an infectious agent when a large proportion of the population is immune, reducing transmission and protecting susceptible individuals.

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