NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning) Syllabus

English (Verbal Reasoning) syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for English (Verbal Reasoning) in NTS NAT-IGS, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Sentence Completion

   4 topics

   • Single-Blank Sentences
   • Double-Blank Sentences
   • Logic and Tone of the Sentence
   • Connecting Words and Transitions
2. 2

   Analogy

   3 topics

   • Identifying the Relationship
   • Types of Analogies
   • Eliminating Wrong Pairs
3. 3

   Antonyms

   3 topics

   • Building Opposite-Word Vocabulary
   • Degrees of Opposition
   • Prefixes and Roots
4. 4

   Synonyms

   3 topics

   • Recognizing Similar Meanings
   • Shades of Meaning
   • Vocabulary from Roots and Affixes
5. 5

   Reading Comprehension

   5 topics

   • Main Idea and Theme
   • Supporting Details and Inference
   • Author's Tone and Purpose
   • Vocabulary in Context
   • Passage-Based Question Strategy
6. 6

   Grammar and Usage

   5 topics

   • Parts of Speech
   • Subject-Verb Agreement
   • Tenses and Verb Forms
   • Prepositions and Articles
   • Common Error Identification

English (Verbal Reasoning) flashcards for NTS NAT-IGS

23 of 50 cards from the English (Verbal Reasoning) deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. In NTS verbal reasoning, what is a single-blank sentence completion question?

   A sentence with one missing word where you choose the option that best fits the sentence's meaning, logic, and grammar, making the statement complete and coherent.

2. What is the first step to solving a single-blank sentence before looking at the answer options?

   Read the whole sentence and predict your own word for the blank based on context clues, then match your prediction to the closest option.

3. In a double-blank sentence, how should the two blanks be evaluated?

   Both blanks must fit correctly; eliminate any option where even one word is wrong, since a pair is only correct if BOTH words satisfy the sentence's meaning.

4. What strategy speeds up solving double-blank questions when one blank is easier?

   Solve the easier blank first, eliminate all option-pairs whose word for that blank fails, then decide among the survivors using the second blank.

5. What are 'context clues' in sentence completion, and why do they matter?

   Words or phrases in the sentence (definitions, examples, contrasts, cause-effect) that signal the meaning of the blank; they let you predict the answer without guessing.

6. What does the 'logic of a sentence' refer to in verbal reasoning?

   The internal relationship between its parts, whether the idea continues in the same direction (support) or reverses direction (contrast), which determines the kind of word the blank needs.

7. What is the 'tone' of a sentence, and how does it guide blank selection?

   Tone is the emotional attitude (positive, negative, or neutral). The blank's word must match the tone; a negative-tone sentence needs a negative word.

8. How do you decide if a blank needs a positive or negative word?

   Judge the sentence's overall attitude from praising/favorable cues (positive) versus critical/unfavorable cues (negative), then pick a word with matching charge.

9. What kind of word does a 'same-direction' (continuation) sentence require in the blank?

   A word that agrees with or reinforces the established idea, keeping the meaning consistent rather than reversing it.

10. What kind of word does a 'contrast' sentence require in the blank?

    A word that opposes or reverses the established idea, signalled by contrast transitions like 'but', 'although', 'however', or 'yet'.

11. Name four common contrast/reversal transition words used as clues in sentence completion.

    But, however, although, yet (also: nevertheless, on the contrary, despite, whereas, conversely).

12. Name four common continuation/support transition words used as clues in sentence completion.

    And, also, moreover, furthermore (also: similarly, likewise, in addition, besides).

13. Which transition words signal a cause-and-effect relationship?

    Because, since, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a result, so.

14. Which transition words signal that an example or restatement is coming?

    For example, for instance, such as, that is, in other words, namely.

15. How does the word 'despite' (or 'in spite of') affect the expected answer in a blank?

    It signals contrast, so the blank should hold a word that opposes the surrounding idea, creating an unexpected or reversed result.

16. What is a verbal analogy question?

    A question giving a pair of words in a fixed relationship, asking you to find another pair that shares the same relationship.

17. What is the standard format for reading an analogy like A : B :: C : D?

    'A is to B as C is to D'; the relationship between A and B must match the relationship between C and D in the same direction.

18. What is the single most important first step in solving any analogy?

    Identify the precise relationship between the first pair by forming a clear 'bridge sentence' linking the two words.

19. What is a 'bridge sentence' in analogy solving?

    A short sentence that states exactly how the two words relate (e.g., 'A glove protects a hand'), which you then apply to the answer pairs.

20. Why must word order be kept consistent when answering analogies?

    Reversing the order changes the relationship; if A:B means 'A is a type of B', the answer must follow the same order, not B:A.

21. Define the 'synonym' type of analogy.

    Both words in each pair have the same or very similar meanings (e.g., happy : joyful).

22. Define the 'antonym' type of analogy.

    The two words in each pair have opposite meanings (e.g., hot : cold).

23. Define the 'part-to-whole' type of analogy with an example.

    One word is a component of the other (e.g., petal : flower, page : book).

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