CSEET Legal Aptitude and Logical Reasoning Syllabus

Legal Aptitude and Logical Reasoning syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Legal Aptitude and Logical Reasoning in CSEET, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Indian Constitution

   4 topics

   • Preamble
   • Fundamental Rights and Duties
   • Directive Principles of State Policy
   • Amendments
2. 2

   Elements of Company Law

   4 topics

   • Companies Act, 2013
   • Types of Companies
   • Formation of Company
   • Memorandum and Articles of Association
3. 3

   Elements of Law of Contract

   5 topics

   • Indian Contract Act, 1872
   • Offer and Acceptance
   • Consideration
   • Capacity to Contract
   • Free Consent
4. 4

   Logical Reasoning

   5 topics

   • Number Series
   • Coding-Decoding
   • Syllogism
   • Blood Relations
   • Seating Arrangement

Legal Aptitude and Logical Reasoning flashcards for CSEET

22 of 51 cards from the Legal Aptitude and Logical Reasoning deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. What is the Preamble to the Indian Constitution?

   It is the introductory statement that sets out the guiding purposes, principles, and philosophy of the Constitution. It declares India a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic and secures Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity to all citizens.

2. Which words were added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment (1976)?

   The words 'Socialist', 'Secular', and 'Integrity' were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.

3. What does the Preamble declare as the source of authority of the Constitution?

   'We, the People of India' — the Constitution derives its authority from the people, who adopted, enacted, and gave it to themselves on 26th November 1949.

4. In which landmark case was the Preamble held to be a part of the Constitution?

   In Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), the Supreme Court held that the Preamble is a part of the Constitution and can be amended without altering its basic structure.

5. How many Fundamental Rights are currently guaranteed by the Indian Constitution and which one was removed?

   There are six Fundamental Rights. The Right to Property was removed as a Fundamental Right by the 44th Amendment (1978) and made a legal/constitutional right under Article 300A.

6. List the six Fundamental Rights and their Article ranges.

   1) Right to Equality (Art. 14-18), 2) Right to Freedom (Art. 19-22), 3) Right against Exploitation (Art. 23-24), 4) Right to Freedom of Religion (Art. 25-28), 5) Cultural and Educational Rights (Art. 29-30), 6) Right to Constitutional Remedies (Art. 32).

7. Why did Dr. B.R. Ambedkar call Article 32 the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution?

   Because Article 32 guarantees the Right to Constitutional Remedies, allowing citizens to directly approach the Supreme Court to enforce Fundamental Rights through writs.

8. Name the five types of writs available under Articles 32 and 226.

   Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto.

9. Where are the Fundamental Duties listed and how many are there?

   Fundamental Duties are listed in Article 51A in Part IVA. There are 11 Fundamental Duties (the 11th was added by the 86th Amendment, 2002). They were originally added by the 42nd Amendment (1976) on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

10. What are Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) and in which Part are they found?

    DPSPs are guidelines/instructions to the State for framing laws and policies to establish social and economic justice. They are contained in Part IV (Articles 36-51) and are borrowed from the Irish Constitution. They are non-justiciable (not enforceable in court).

11. How do Fundamental Rights differ from Directive Principles of State Policy?

    Fundamental Rights are justiciable (enforceable in court) and aim at political democracy; DPSPs are non-justiciable (not enforceable) and aim at social and economic democracy.

12. Under which Article is the procedure for amending the Constitution provided, and what are the three methods?

    Article 368. The three methods are: (1) by simple majority, (2) by special majority of Parliament, and (3) by special majority plus ratification by at least half of the State legislatures.

13. What is the 'Basic Structure Doctrine' regarding amendments?

    Established in Kesavananda Bharati (1973), it holds that Parliament can amend the Constitution under Article 368 but cannot alter or destroy its 'basic structure' (e.g., supremacy of Constitution, rule of law, judicial review, federalism).

14. What did the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments establish?

    The 73rd Amendment (1992) gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions (rural local government), and the 74th Amendment (1992) gave constitutional status to Municipalities (urban local government).

15. When did the Companies Act, 2013 come into force and which Act did it replace?

    The Companies Act, 2013 received Presidential assent on 29th August 2013 and replaced the Companies Act, 1956. It came into force in phases.

16. How is a 'company' defined under the Companies Act, 2013?

    Under Section 2(20), a company means a company incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 or under any previous company law.

17. What does the principle of 'separate legal entity' mean for a company?

    A company is a legal person distinct from its members. It can own property, sue and be sued in its own name. This was established in the landmark case Salomon v. Salomon & Co. Ltd. (1897).

18. What is meant by 'lifting/piercing the corporate veil'?

    It is when courts disregard the separate legal personality of a company and hold its members/directors personally liable, typically in cases of fraud, improper conduct, or evasion of law.

19. Classify companies on the basis of incorporation.

    1) Chartered companies (formed by royal charter), 2) Statutory companies (formed by a special Act of legislature, e.g., RBI), and 3) Registered/Incorporated companies (registered under the Companies Act).

20. What is the difference between a Private Company and a Public Company under the Companies Act, 2013?

    A Private Company restricts transfer of shares, limits members to 200 (excluding present/past employees), and prohibits public invitation to subscribe shares; minimum 2 members. A Public Company has no such restrictions; minimum 7 members and minimum 3 directors.

21. What is a One Person Company (OPC) under the Companies Act, 2013?

    An OPC (Section 2(62)) is a company with only one person as its member. It is a private company concept introduced by the 2013 Act, requiring a nominee to be named.

22. Differentiate between a company limited by shares and a company limited by guarantee.

    In a company limited by shares, members' liability is limited to the unpaid amount on their shares. In a company limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute to the assets in the event of winding up.

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