AIAPGET Ayurveda Rog Nidan Syllabus

Rog Nidan syllabus — full chapter and topic list

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics. This is the whole examinable outline for Rog Nidan in AIAPGET Ayurveda, not a summary of it.

1. 1

   Introduction to Rog Nidan

   2 topics

   • Concept of Disease in Ayurveda
   • Diagnostic Methods
2. 2

   Clinical Examination

   3 topics

   • Pulse Diagnosis
   • Urine Examination
   • Stool Examination

Rog Nidan flashcards for AIAPGET Ayurveda

24 of 49 cards from the Rog Nidan deck — real questions with worked answers.

1. What does the term 'Rog Nidan' mean in Ayurveda?

   Rog Nidan is the branch of Ayurveda dealing with the diagnosis of disease — it covers the causes (nidana), pathogenesis, signs and symptoms, and methods of examination used to identify a disease.

2. How is 'Roga' (disease) defined in Ayurveda?

   Roga is the state of duhkha (pain/suffering) arising from disturbance of the equilibrium of doshas, dhatus and malas; the absence of disease (arogya) is samadhatu (balanced state).

3. What are the five components of 'Nidana Panchaka' (the five tools of diagnosis)?

   Nidana (causative factors), Purvarupa (premonitory symptoms), Rupa (manifested signs/symptoms), Upashaya (therapeutic trial/relieving and aggravating factors), and Samprapti (pathogenesis).

4. In Nidana Panchaka, what is 'Purvarupa'?

   Purvarupa are the premonitory or prodromal symptoms that appear before the full manifestation of a disease, indicating the disease is about to occur but without its specific features fully expressed.

5. In Nidana Panchaka, what is 'Upashaya' and its opposite?

   Upashaya is the use of diet, drugs and regimen that give relief and help confirm diagnosis (therapeutic trial); its opposite, Anupashaya, is the factor that aggravates the condition.

6. What is 'Samprapti' in Ayurvedic diagnosis?

   Samprapti is the pathogenesis — the sequence of events by which the disturbed doshas spread and produce disease, from cause to manifestation.

7. What is the term for the causative factor of disease, and what are its three broad types in Ayurveda?

   The causative factor is 'Nidana' (also called Hetu/Karana). Its three broad types are Asatmyendriyartha samyoga (improper use of sense objects), Prajnaparadha (intellectual error/volitional transgression), and Parinama/Kala (effect of time/seasons).

8. What are the three classical causes of disease described as 'Trividha Hetu' (improper contact, intellectual error, time)?

   Asatmyendriyartha samyoga (improper/excess/no contact of senses with objects), Prajnaparadha (errors of intellect), and Parinama (Kala — untimely or abnormal seasonal effects).

9. What are the six stages of disease pathogenesis known as 'Shat Kriya Kala'?

   1) Sanchaya (accumulation), 2) Prakopa (aggravation), 3) Prasara (spread), 4) Sthana Samshraya (localization), 5) Vyakti (manifestation), 6) Bheda (differentiation/complication).

10. In Shat Kriya Kala, which stage marks the appearance of full clinical signs of the disease?

    Vyakti avastha (the fifth stage) — this is when the disease manifests with its complete and clear signs and symptoms.

11. What is the significance of the 'Sthana Samshraya' stage in Shat Kriya Kala?

    Sthana Samshraya is the stage where aggravated doshas lodge in a defective tissue/site (khavaigunya) and form the seat of disease; this is where Purvarupa typically appear (dosha-dushya sammurchana begins).

12. What is 'Khavaigunya' and its role in disease?

    Khavaigunya is a defect or weakness in a srotas/tissue (a vitiated space) that allows circulating aggravated doshas to settle and initiate disease at that site during Sthana Samshraya.

13. What is the difference between 'Nija' and 'Agantuja' rogas?

    Nija rogas are endogenous diseases arising from internal dosha imbalance (vata, pitta, kapha); Agantuja rogas are exogenous diseases caused by external factors such as trauma, microorganisms, poisons or curses.

14. How are diseases classified based on prognosis (Sadhya-Asadhyata)?

    Sukhasadhya (easily curable), Krichrasadhya (curable with difficulty), Yapya (palliable/manageable but not curable), and Asadhya/Pratyakhyeya (incurable).

15. What are 'Adhyatmika, Adhibhautika and Adhidaivika' types of disease?

    A classification by origin: Adhyatmika (arising within the body — hereditary, congenital, doshic), Adhibhautika (from external beings/trauma/injury), and Adhidaivika (from supernatural/divine, seasonal or providential causes).

16. What are the three primary methods of examination (Trividha Pariksha) in Ayurvedic diagnosis?

    Darshana (inspection/observation), Sparshana (palpation/touch), and Prashna (interrogation/questioning the patient).

17. What is the 'Ashtavidha Pariksha' (eight-fold examination) in Ayurveda?

    Nadi (pulse), Mutra (urine), Mala (stool), Jihva (tongue), Shabda (voice/sounds), Sparsha (touch/skin), Drik (eyes/vision), and Akriti (general appearance/build).

18. What are the four 'Pramanas' (means of valid knowledge) used in Ayurvedic diagnosis?

    Pratyaksha (direct perception), Anumana (inference), Aptopadesha (authoritative testimony/scriptural knowledge), and Yukti (logical reasoning/correlation).

19. What is 'Anumana' (inference) as a diagnostic tool, with an example?

    Anumana is knowledge gained by inference from observed signs — e.g., inferring agni (digestive power) from the capacity to digest food, or inferring strength (bala) from the ability to perform exercise.

20. What is the 'Dashavidha Pariksha' (ten-fold examination of the patient)?

    Examination of Prakriti, Vikriti, Sara, Samhanana, Pramana, Satmya, Sattva, Ahara shakti, Vyayama shakti, and Vaya — used to assess the patient's strength and disease for treatment planning.

21. In Dashavidha Pariksha, what does 'Sara' assess?

    Sara assesses the qualitative excellence/essence of the seven dhatus (tissues) — e.g., Twak sara, Rakta sara, Mamsa sara — indicating the best tissue quality and overall vitality.

22. What is 'Prakriti' in the context of patient examination?

    Prakriti is the individual's constitutional dosha makeup determined at conception (vata, pitta, kapha or combinations), which guides understanding of susceptibility, symptoms, and treatment.

23. What is 'Nadi Pariksha'?

    Nadi Pariksha is pulse diagnosis — assessment of the dosha state, dhatus, and health by feeling the arterial pulse (nadi), typically at the radial artery.

24. Which artery and which fingers are classically used for Nadi Pariksha?

    The radial artery at the wrist (base of the thumb) is examined using three fingers — index, middle and ring fingers placed in sequence.

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