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UGC NET Management Unit - IX Syllabus

The Unit - IX syllabus for UGC NET Management in full: 9 chapters and 10 topics, every one listed below, plus 50 Unit - IX flashcards with answers.

9Chapters
10Topics
50Flashcards

Unit - IX syllabus: all 9 chapters

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics.

  1. Managing Business in Globalization Era

     1 topic
    • Theories of International Trade

  2. Foreign Direct Investment

     2 topics
    • Benefits
    • Costs

  3. Multilateral regulation of Trade and Investment under WTO

     overview

    No separate topics listed for this chapter.

  4. International Trade Procedures and Documentation

     1 topic
    • EXIM Policies

  5. Role of International Financial Institutions

     2 topics
    • IMF
    • World Bank

  6. Information Technology

     3 topics
    • Use of Computers in Management Applications
    • MIS
    • DSS

  7. Artificial Intelligence and Big Data

     overview

    No separate topics listed for this chapter.

  8. Data Warehousing, Data Mining and Knowledge Management

     1 topic
    • Concepts

  9. Managing Technological Change

     overview

    No separate topics listed for this chapter.

UGC NET Management Unit - IX flashcards — 50 questions with answers

  1. What is the Theory of Absolute Advantage and who proposed it?

    Proposed by Adam Smith (1776), it states a country should specialize in and export goods it can produce more efficiently (at lower absolute cost) than other countries, and import goods produced less efficiently.

  2. What is the Theory of Comparative Advantage and who proposed it?

    Proposed by David Ricardo (1817), it states a country should specialize in producing and exporting goods in which it has the lowest opportunity cost (comparative advantage), even if it has no absolute advantage. Both countries gain from trade.

  3. What is the Heckscher-Ohlin (Factor Endowment) Theory of international trade?

    It states that countries export goods that intensively use their abundant and cheap factors of production and import goods that use their scarce factors. Trade arises from differences in factor endowments (labour, capital, land).

  4. What is the Mercantilist theory of international trade?

    An early (16th-18th century) doctrine holding that national wealth is measured by gold/silver stocks; nations should maximize exports and minimize imports to maintain a favourable trade balance (trade surplus).

  5. What is the difference between Absolute Advantage and Comparative Advantage?

    Absolute advantage compares actual productivity/cost between countries; comparative advantage compares opportunity costs. A country can gain from trade via comparative advantage even with no absolute advantage in any good.

  6. What does the Leontief Paradox refer to?

    Wassily Leontief's empirical finding that the capital-abundant USA exported labour-intensive goods and imported capital-intensive goods - contradicting the prediction of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory.

  7. What is Vernon's Product Life Cycle theory of trade?

    Raymond Vernon's theory that products move through stages (new product, maturing product, standardized product); production initially occurs in the innovating (developed) country, then shifts to other developed and finally developing countries as the product standardizes.

  8. What is the New Trade Theory associated with Paul Krugman?

    It explains trade through economies of scale, network effects, and product differentiation; first-mover advantages and increasing returns allow a few firms/countries to dominate certain industries even without factor or cost differences.

  9. What is Porter's Diamond Model (theory of national competitive advantage)?

    Michael Porter's framework explaining why nations gain competitive advantage in industries via four determinants: (1) Factor conditions, (2) Demand conditions, (3) Related & supporting industries, (4) Firm strategy, structure & rivalry.

  10. List the main benefits (gains) from international trade.

    Optimal resource allocation and specialization, access to a wider variety of goods, economies of scale, lower prices for consumers, technology and knowledge transfer, increased competition/efficiency, employment generation, and access to foreign exchange.

  11. What are 'gains from trade' in economics?

    The net benefits each country receives from voluntary trade, arising from specialization according to comparative advantage; both partners can consume beyond their domestic production possibility frontier.

  12. What are the main costs/disadvantages of international trade?

    Dependence on foreign markets, vulnerability to external shocks, harm to infant/domestic industries, trade deficits, exploitation of resources, dumping, loss of economic sovereignty, and possible widening of income inequality.

  13. What is 'dumping' in international trade?

    Selling goods in a foreign market at a price below their normal value (often below cost or below the home-market price), typically to capture market share or dispose of surplus, harming domestic producers of the importing country.

  14. What is the EXIM (Export-Import) Policy / Foreign Trade Policy of India?

    A set of guidelines and instructions issued by the Government of India (DGFT, Ministry of Commerce) governing the export and import of goods and services, aimed at promoting exports and regulating imports to boost the economy.

  15. Which authority administers India's EXIM/Foreign Trade Policy?

    The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.

  16. What are the main objectives of India's EXIM Policy?

    To accelerate exports, ensure sustained economic growth, enhance technological strength and global competitiveness of Indian industry, generate employment, and provide consumers quality goods at reasonable prices.

  17. What is the duration/term of an Indian Foreign Trade (EXIM) Policy?

    Traditionally announced for a five-year period (with annual supplements/reviews); e.g., the policy framework is revised every five years by the DGFT.

  18. What is the IEC (Import Export Code) in India's EXIM framework?

    A 10-digit Importer-Exporter Code issued by the DGFT that is mandatory for any person or firm to undertake import or export of goods/services from India.

  19. Name some export promotion schemes under India's Foreign Trade Policy.

    EPCG (Export Promotion Capital Goods) scheme, Advance Authorisation scheme, Duty Drawback, SEZ/EOU schemes, and RoDTEP (Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products).

  20. What is the full form and purpose of the IMF?

    International Monetary Fund; established in 1944 to promote international monetary cooperation, exchange-rate stability, balanced growth of trade, and to provide financial assistance to members facing balance-of-payments problems.

Show the other 30 Unit - IX flashcards

  1. When and where was the IMF established?

    At the Bretton Woods Conference in July 1944; it began operations on 27 December 1945 and is headquartered in Washington, D.C.

  2. What are the main functions of the IMF?

    Surveillance of members' economies, providing financial assistance (loans) for balance-of-payments problems, technical assistance and capacity development, and promoting exchange-rate stability and international monetary cooperation.

  3. What are Special Drawing Rights (SDRs)?

    An international reserve asset created by the IMF in 1969 to supplement members' official reserves; its value is based on a basket of major currencies (USD, EUR, CNY, JPY, GBP).

  4. How is voting power determined in the IMF?

    By a quota system - each member's quota (based on its relative size in the world economy) determines its financial contribution, voting power, and access to financing.

  5. What is the full form and purpose of the World Bank?

    International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), part of the World Bank Group; established 1944 to provide long-term loans and assistance for reconstruction, development, and poverty reduction in member countries.

  6. Name the five institutions of the World Bank Group.

    IBRD (Intl. Bank for Reconstruction & Development), IDA (Intl. Development Association), IFC (Intl. Finance Corporation), MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency), and ICSID (Intl. Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes).

  7. What is the difference between the IMF and the World Bank?

    The IMF focuses on monetary cooperation, exchange-rate stability, and short-term balance-of-payments support; the World Bank provides long-term loans for development projects and poverty reduction.

  8. What is the role of the IDA within the World Bank Group?

    The International Development Association provides interest-free or low-interest concessional loans (credits) and grants to the world's poorest countries.

  9. What is the role of the IFC within the World Bank Group?

    The International Finance Corporation promotes private-sector development by providing investment, loans, and advisory services to private enterprises in developing countries.

  10. What does MIGA do in the World Bank Group?

    The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency provides political-risk insurance and credit enhancement to investors and lenders to encourage foreign direct investment in developing countries.

  11. What are the main uses/applications of computers in management?

    Data processing, decision support, record-keeping/accounting, inventory and production management, financial analysis, marketing/CRM, HR management, communication, planning, forecasting, and report generation.

  12. Define a Management Information System (MIS).

    An integrated, computer-based system that collects, processes, stores, and disseminates information to support managerial planning, control, and decision-making at all levels of an organization.

  13. What are the main objectives/functions of an MIS?

    To provide timely, accurate, and relevant information to managers; support planning and control; improve decision-making; increase efficiency; and facilitate coordination across the organization.

  14. What type of decisions does an MIS primarily support?

    Structured and semi-structured decisions, mainly at the operational and middle-management (tactical) levels, through routine summary, exception, and periodic reports.

  15. What are the components of an MIS?

    People (users), Hardware, Software, Data/Database, and Procedures (and communication networks) working together to convert data into useful information.

  16. Define a Decision Support System (DSS).

    An interactive computer-based information system that helps managers use data and models to solve semi-structured and unstructured problems, supporting (not replacing) human decision-making.

  17. What are the main components of a DSS?

    (1) Database/Data management subsystem, (2) Model base/Model management subsystem, (3) User interface (dialog subsystem), and the user/decision-maker.

  18. What is the difference between MIS and DSS?

    MIS provides routine, predefined reports for structured decisions and operational/tactical control; DSS is flexible, interactive, and model-driven, supporting semi-structured/unstructured decisions for non-routine problem-solving.

  19. What kind of decisions does a DSS support?

    Semi-structured and unstructured decisions, typically at the middle and top (strategic) management levels, involving 'what-if' analysis and modelling.

  20. What is a Transaction Processing System (TPS)?

    A computer-based system that records and processes the routine day-to-day transactions of an organization (e.g., sales, payroll, orders); it forms the data foundation for MIS and other systems.

  21. What is an Executive Information System (EIS) / Executive Support System (ESS)?

    A specialized information system designed for top executives, providing easy access to internal and external summarized strategic information to support high-level, unstructured strategic decisions.

  22. What is an Expert System?

    A computer system that uses a knowledge base and inference rules to emulate the decision-making ability of a human expert in a specific domain, providing advice or solutions.

  23. Distinguish between data and information.

    Data are raw, unprocessed facts and figures; information is processed, organized, and meaningful data that is useful for decision-making in a specific context.

  24. What are the desirable characteristics (qualities) of good information?

    Accuracy, relevance, timeliness, completeness, conciseness, clarity, reliability, cost-effectiveness, and being in an appropriate form for the user.

  25. What is the meaning of 'balance of trade' versus 'balance of payments'?

    Balance of trade is the difference between the value of a country's merchandise exports and imports; balance of payments is the broader record of all economic transactions (goods, services, capital, transfers) between a country and the rest of the world.

  26. What is a tariff in international trade?

    A tax or duty imposed by a government on imported (or sometimes exported) goods, used to raise revenue and protect domestic industries from foreign competition.

  27. What is a non-tariff barrier (NTB)?

    Any restriction on trade other than tariffs, such as import quotas, licensing requirements, embargoes, standards, subsidies, and administrative regulations that limit imports/exports.

  28. What is the database component's role in a DSS versus an MIS?

    In an MIS the database supplies data for standardized periodic reports; in a DSS the database (often with external data) feeds models and ad-hoc, interactive queries for flexible analysis.

  29. What is 'what-if analysis' in the context of a DSS?

    A simulation technique where the decision-maker changes input values/assumptions in a model to observe the effect on outcomes, helping evaluate alternative scenarios before deciding.

  30. What is the conditionality associated with IMF loans?

    IMF financial assistance is generally provided subject to 'conditionality' - the borrowing country must adopt specified economic policy reforms (structural adjustment, fiscal/monetary measures) to correct its balance-of-payments problems.

UGC NET Management Unit - IX FAQ

What is in the UGC NET Management Unit - IX syllabus?

UGC NET Management Unit - IX is split into 9 chapters: Managing Business in Globalization Era, Foreign Direct Investment, Multilateral regulation of Trade and Investment under WTO, International Trade Procedures and Documentation, Role of International Financial Institutions, Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Data Warehousing, Data Mining and Knowledge Management and Managing Technological Change. Together they contain 10 topics.

How many chapters are in UGC NET Management Unit - IX?

9 chapters, containing 10 topics. The largest chapter is Information Technology, with 3 topics.

Are there flashcards for UGC NET Management Unit - IX?

Yes — a 50-card Unit - IX deck, printed in full in the flashcards section of this page and available in the Examius app with spaced repetition. The free plan covers one exam of your choice, including its flashcards; Examius Pro, a one-time purchase, unlocks every other exam and deck.