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NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning) Syllabus

The English (Verbal Reasoning) syllabus for NTS NAT-IGS in full: 6 chapters and 23 topics, every one listed below, plus 50 English (Verbal Reasoning) flashcards with answers.

6Chapters
23Topics
50Flashcards

English (Verbal Reasoning) syllabus: all 6 chapters

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics.

  1. Sentence Completion

     4 topics
    • Single-Blank Sentences
    • Double-Blank Sentences
    • Logic and Tone of the Sentence
    • Connecting Words and Transitions

  2. Analogy

     3 topics
    • Identifying the Relationship
    • Types of Analogies
    • Eliminating Wrong Pairs

  3. Antonyms

     3 topics
    • Building Opposite-Word Vocabulary
    • Degrees of Opposition
    • Prefixes and Roots

  4. Synonyms

     3 topics
    • Recognizing Similar Meanings
    • Shades of Meaning
    • Vocabulary from Roots and Affixes

  5. Reading Comprehension

     5 topics
    • Main Idea and Theme
    • Supporting Details and Inference
    • Author's Tone and Purpose
    • Vocabulary in Context
    • Passage-Based Question Strategy

  6. Grammar and Usage

     5 topics
    • Parts of Speech
    • Subject-Verb Agreement
    • Tenses and Verb Forms
    • Prepositions and Articles
    • Common Error Identification

NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning) flashcards — 50 questions with answers

  1. In NTS verbal reasoning, what is a single-blank sentence completion question?

    A sentence with one missing word where you choose the option that best fits the sentence's meaning, logic, and grammar, making the statement complete and coherent.

  2. What is the first step to solving a single-blank sentence before looking at the answer options?

    Read the whole sentence and predict your own word for the blank based on context clues, then match your prediction to the closest option.

  3. In a double-blank sentence, how should the two blanks be evaluated?

    Both blanks must fit correctly; eliminate any option where even one word is wrong, since a pair is only correct if BOTH words satisfy the sentence's meaning.

  4. What strategy speeds up solving double-blank questions when one blank is easier?

    Solve the easier blank first, eliminate all option-pairs whose word for that blank fails, then decide among the survivors using the second blank.

  5. What are 'context clues' in sentence completion, and why do they matter?

    Words or phrases in the sentence (definitions, examples, contrasts, cause-effect) that signal the meaning of the blank; they let you predict the answer without guessing.

  6. What does the 'logic of a sentence' refer to in verbal reasoning?

    The internal relationship between its parts, whether the idea continues in the same direction (support) or reverses direction (contrast), which determines the kind of word the blank needs.

  7. What is the 'tone' of a sentence, and how does it guide blank selection?

    Tone is the emotional attitude (positive, negative, or neutral). The blank's word must match the tone; a negative-tone sentence needs a negative word.

  8. How do you decide if a blank needs a positive or negative word?

    Judge the sentence's overall attitude from praising/favorable cues (positive) versus critical/unfavorable cues (negative), then pick a word with matching charge.

  9. What kind of word does a 'same-direction' (continuation) sentence require in the blank?

    A word that agrees with or reinforces the established idea, keeping the meaning consistent rather than reversing it.

  10. What kind of word does a 'contrast' sentence require in the blank?

    A word that opposes or reverses the established idea, signalled by contrast transitions like 'but', 'although', 'however', or 'yet'.

  11. Name four common contrast/reversal transition words used as clues in sentence completion.

    But, however, although, yet (also: nevertheless, on the contrary, despite, whereas, conversely).

  12. Name four common continuation/support transition words used as clues in sentence completion.

    And, also, moreover, furthermore (also: similarly, likewise, in addition, besides).

  13. Which transition words signal a cause-and-effect relationship?

    Because, since, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a result, so.

  14. Which transition words signal that an example or restatement is coming?

    For example, for instance, such as, that is, in other words, namely.

  15. How does the word 'despite' (or 'in spite of') affect the expected answer in a blank?

    It signals contrast, so the blank should hold a word that opposes the surrounding idea, creating an unexpected or reversed result.

  16. What is a verbal analogy question?

    A question giving a pair of words in a fixed relationship, asking you to find another pair that shares the same relationship.

  17. What is the standard format for reading an analogy like A : B :: C : D?

    'A is to B as C is to D'; the relationship between A and B must match the relationship between C and D in the same direction.

  18. What is the single most important first step in solving any analogy?

    Identify the precise relationship between the first pair by forming a clear 'bridge sentence' linking the two words.

  19. What is a 'bridge sentence' in analogy solving?

    A short sentence that states exactly how the two words relate (e.g., 'A glove protects a hand'), which you then apply to the answer pairs.

  20. Why must word order be kept consistent when answering analogies?

    Reversing the order changes the relationship; if A:B means 'A is a type of B', the answer must follow the same order, not B:A.

Show the other 30 English (Verbal Reasoning) flashcards

  1. Define the 'synonym' type of analogy.

    Both words in each pair have the same or very similar meanings (e.g., happy : joyful).

  2. Define the 'antonym' type of analogy.

    The two words in each pair have opposite meanings (e.g., hot : cold).

  3. Define the 'part-to-whole' type of analogy with an example.

    One word is a component of the other (e.g., petal : flower, page : book).

  4. Define the 'cause-and-effect' analogy type with an example.

    One word produces or leads to the other (e.g., fire : smoke, exercise : fitness).

  5. Define the 'tool-and-user' (or worker-and-tool) analogy with an example.

    One word names a person/role and the other the instrument they use (e.g., painter : brush, surgeon : scalpel).

  6. Define the 'degree/intensity' analogy type with an example.

    Two words express the same idea at different strengths (e.g., warm : hot, like : adore).

  7. Define the 'item-and-category' (classification) analogy with an example.

    One word is a specific member of the general class named by the other (e.g., rose : flower, dog : animal).

  8. Define the 'object-and-function' analogy with an example.

    One word is a thing and the other is its purpose or use (e.g., knife : cut, pen : write).

  9. Define the 'worker-and-workplace' analogy with an example.

    One word is a person/role and the other is where they work (e.g., chef : kitchen, teacher : school).

  10. In analogy questions, how do you eliminate wrong pairs?

    Apply your bridge sentence to each option; discard any pair where the bridge does not hold true in the same direction and specificity.

  11. If two answer choices both seem to fit an analogy, how do you choose between them?

    Make your bridge sentence more specific/precise; the correct pair will fit the refined, exact relationship while the other will fail.

  12. What is an antonym?

    A word that means the opposite of another word (e.g., 'expand' is the antonym of 'contract').

  13. What does 'degrees of opposition' mean in antonym questions?

    Opposites can vary in strength; you must pick the word whose intensity of oppositeness best matches the given word, not just any roughly opposite word.

  14. Why might 'cool' be a weaker antonym of 'hot' than 'cold'?

    Because antonyms have degrees; 'cold' is the direct, full-strength opposite, while 'cool' is only a mild opposite, so 'cold' is the better answer.

  15. What is a prefix, and how can it help build antonym vocabulary?

    A prefix is an element added to the front of a word that changes its meaning; negative prefixes (un-, in-, dis-, non-, a-) often create opposites (e.g., 'happy' to 'unhappy').

  16. List five negating prefixes that form opposites and give the meaning.

    un- (not), in-/im-/il-/ir- (not), dis- (apart/not), non- (not), a-/an- (without); each reverses or negates the base word.

  17. What do the prefixes 'anti-' and 'contra-' indicate?

    Both mean 'against' or 'opposite' (e.g., antiwar, contradict), useful for spotting words of opposition.

  18. What does the prefix 'mal-' mean, and give an example.

    'Mal-' means bad or wrongly (e.g., malfunction, malnourished), signalling a negative meaning.

  19. What does the prefix 'bene-' mean, and give an example.

    'Bene-' means good or well (e.g., benefit, benevolent), signalling a positive meaning.

  20. What is a root (or stem) of a word, and why learn roots?

    The core element carrying a word's main meaning; knowing roots lets you decode unfamiliar words' meanings and identify synonyms/antonyms.

  21. What does the root 'bene/bon' mean and 'mal' mean as opposites?

    'Bene/bon' = good (benevolent, bonus); 'mal' = bad (malice, malign); they form a natural good-versus-bad opposition pair.

  22. What does the root 'chron' mean, with an example?

    'Chron' means time (e.g., chronological, synchronize, chronic).

  23. What does the root 'dict' mean, with an example?

    'Dict' means to say or speak (e.g., dictate, predict, contradict).

  24. What does the root 'vita/viv' mean, with an example?

    'Vita/viv' means life or alive (e.g., vital, vivid, revive, survive).

  25. What is a synonym?

    A word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word (e.g., 'big' and 'large').

  26. What does 'shades of meaning' refer to among synonyms?

    Synonyms are rarely identical; they differ in intensity, connotation, or context, so you must pick the one whose precise shade best fits.

  27. Differentiate the shades of meaning among 'thin', 'slim', and 'scrawny'.

    All mean lacking weight, but 'slim' is positive/attractive, 'thin' is neutral, and 'scrawny' is negative (unhealthily thin).

  28. What is connotation, and how does it differ from denotation?

    Denotation is a word's literal dictionary meaning; connotation is the emotional or cultural association it carries (positive, negative, or neutral).

  29. When choosing among near-synonyms in a question, what factor besides definition decides the answer?

    Connotation and intensity, the word must match the sentence's tone (positive/negative) and strength, not just the broad meaning.

  30. What is the recommended process for recognizing similar meanings under time pressure?

    Define the key word, predict a simple synonym in your own words, then match it to the option with the closest meaning and matching connotation, eliminating opposite or off-tone choices.

NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning) FAQ

What is in the NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning) syllabus?

NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning) is split into 6 chapters: Sentence Completion, Analogy, Antonyms, Synonyms, Reading Comprehension and Grammar and Usage. Together they contain 23 topics.

How many chapters are in NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning)?

6 chapters, containing 23 topics. The largest chapter is Reading Comprehension, with 5 topics.

Are there flashcards for NTS NAT-IGS English (Verbal Reasoning)?

Yes — a 50-card English (Verbal Reasoning) deck, printed in full in the flashcards section of this page and available in the Examius app with spaced repetition. The free plan covers one exam of your choice, including its flashcards; Examius Pro, a one-time purchase, unlocks every other exam and deck.