ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Urdu (Compulsory) Syllabus

'Sanaye-e-lafzi' aur 'sanaye-e-mani' mein farq kya hai?

Sanaye-e-lafzi alfaaz ki banawat/awaaz par mabni hote hain (jaise tajnees), jabke sanaye-e-mani mani aur tashbeeh/istiara par mabni hote hain.

'Tashbeeh' ki tareef kya hai?

Do cheezon ke darmiyan kisi mushtarka khoobi ki bina par mushabahat (similarity) qayam karna, jaise 'chehra phool ki tarah'.

Tashbeeh ke chaar arkan (hissay) kya hain?

Mushabbah, mushabbah-bihi, wajah-e-shabah, aur harf-e-tashbeeh (jaise 'jaisa', 'tarah', 'misal').

'Istiara' kya hota hai?

Tashbeeh ka woh aala daraja jis mein harf-e-tashbeeh hata kar ek cheez ko doosri cheez ka naam de diya jata hai, jaise mehboob ko 'chaand' kehna.

'Tajnees' (sanaye-e-lafzi) kya hai?

Aise do alfaaz ka istemal jo bolne/likhne mein ek jaise (ya milte-julte) hon magar mani mukhtalif hon.

'Talmeeh' kya hoti hai?

Sher ya ibarat mein kisi mashhoor tareekhi, mazhabi ya dastani waqiay/shakhsiyat ki taraf ishara karna.

'Murra' (muraat-un-nazeer) ki tareef kya hai?

Aise alfaaz ka istemal jo aapas mein munasibat rakhte hon, jaise phool, baagh, bulbul, bahaar ek saath laana.

'Mazmoon nigari' kya hai?

Kisi mauzu par tarteeb ke saath, dalail aur khayalat ke saath mufassil tehreer likhne ka fan.

Aik aam mazmoon ke teen buniyadi hissay kya hain?

Tamheed (introduction), nafs-e-mazmoon/asal mauzu (body), aur ikhtitaam/natija (conclusion).

Mazmoon ki 'tamheed' ka kya maqsad hota hai?

Mauzu se taaruf karwana aur qari ki dilchaspi paida karna taa-ke woh asal bahas ke liye tayyar ho jaye.

Mazmoon ke 'nafs-e-mazmoon' (asal hissa) mein kya hota hai?

Mauzu ki tafseel, dalail, misalein, fawaid/nuqsanat aur mukhtalif pehluon par tarteeb-war bahas.

Achhe mazmoon ki ahem khoobiyan kya hain?

Mauzu se munasibat, tarteeb/rabt, saada aur saaf zaban, dalail, aur jaame ikhtitaam.

Urdu khat ki bunyadi do aqsaam kaun si hain?

Zaati/ghair-rasmi khat (dosto/rishtedaaron ko) aur rasmi/karobari khat (aflaad ya idaaron ko).

Ghair-rasmi (zaati) khat ke shuruaati hissay kaun se hote hain?

Maqaam aur tareekh, alqaab (jaise 'Pyare Abbu'), aur duaiya kalimaat/khairiyat ka izhaar.

Rasmi/sarkari khat ki ahem khususiyat kya hai?

Mukhtasar, baa-maqsad aur sanjida zaban, mauzu (subject) ka zikr, aur mukammal pata likhna.

'Darkhwast' kise kehte hain?

Kisi afsar/idaray ko kisi zaroorat, ijazat ya masail ke hal ke liye likhi gayi rasmi tehreer.

Darkhwast ke buniyadi hissay tarteeb-war kaun se hain?

Janab-e-aali/makhatab, idaray ka naam-pata, mauzu (subject), nafs-e-mazmoon, aur akhir mein 'aap ka mukhlis/farmanbardar' ke saath naam-dastkhat.

Sahul ki darkhwast (sick leave) mein kya likhna zaroori hai?

Bukhar/bimari ki wajah, kitne din ki rukhsat darkar hai, aur tareekhon ki nishandahi.

'Muhavara' ki tareef kya hai?

Aisa fiqra/jumla jo apne lughwi (haqeeqi) mani ke bajaye majazi (figurative) mani deta hai, jaise 'aankhen churana' yani nazar bachana.

'Zarbul amsal' (mathal/kahawat) kya hoti hai?

Aam awaam mein mashhoor mukhtasar danishmandana qaul jo kisi tajurbe ya sachai ko bayan kare, jaise 'Naach na jaane aangan teerha'.

Muhavare aur zarbul amsal mein bunyadi farq kya hai?

Muhavara aksar adhura jumla hota hai aur fiqle mein dhal kar istemal hota hai, jabke zarbul amsal ek mukammal jumla/qaul hota hai jo apne aap mein nasihat deta hai.

Muhavare 'aasman sar par uthana' ke mani kya hain?

Bahut shor-o-ghul machana ya hangama barpa karna.

Muhavare 'haath malna' ke mani kya hain?

Pachtana ya afsos karna.

Zarbul-masal 'Oonchi dukan phika pakwan' ka mafhoom kya hai?

Zaahiri shaan-o-shaukat zyada magar asal khoobi/cheez maayoos kun ho.

Zarbul-masal 'Ek anaar sau bimaar' ka mafhoom kya hai?

Cheez kam ho aur talab-gaar (zaroratmand) bahut zyada hon.

'Tarseel-e-ibarat' (tarseel) se kya muraad hai?

Apne khayalat aur paigham ko saaf, durust aur asar-angez andaz mein doosron tak pahunchana.

Kamiyab tarseel-e-ibarat ki ahem sharait kya hain?

Wazahat (clarity), durust grammar/imla, munasib alfaaz ka intikhab, tarteeb, aur ikhtisaar ke saath jamiyat.

'Imla' ki durusti tarseel-e-ibarat mein kyun ahem hai?

Ghalat imla (spelling) se mani badal jate hain ya paigham mubham ho jata hai, is liye sahih imla wazeh tarseel ke liye zaroori hai.

Urdu ki char buniyadi sinf-e-sukhan (poetic forms) kaun si hain?

Ghazal, Nazm, Qaseeda aur Marsiya (in ke ilawa rubai, masnavi waghaira bhi).

'Ghazal' aur 'Nazm' mein bunyadi farq kya hai?

Ghazal ke har sher ka apna alag mauzu ho sakta hai (azaadi), jabke Nazm puri ek hi markazi khayal/mauzu par mabni hoti hai.

Ghazal ka pehla sher jis ke dono misre hum-qaafiya hon use kya kehte hain?

Use 'matla' kehte hain, aur woh akhri sher jis mein shayar apna takhallus laaye 'maqta' kehlata hai.