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ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective Syllabus

The Physics (Part I) - Elective syllabus for ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) in full: 10 chapters and 40 topics, every one listed below, plus 50 Physics (Part I) - Elective flashcards with answers.

10Chapters

40Topics

50Flashcards

Physics (Part I) - Elective syllabus: all 10 chapters

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics.

Measurements
4 topics
- Physical Quantities and SI Units
- Errors and Uncertainties
- Significant Figures
- Dimensional Analysis
Vectors and Equilibrium
4 topics
- Addition of Vectors
- Rectangular Components
- Product of Vectors
- Torque and Equilibrium
Motion and Force
4 topics
- Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
- Newton's Laws of Motion
- Momentum and Impulse
- Projectile Motion
Work and Energy
4 topics
- Work Done by a Constant and Variable Force
- Kinetic and Potential Energy
- Conservation of Energy
- Power
Circular Motion
4 topics
- Angular Displacement and Velocity
- Centripetal Force and Acceleration
- Moment of Inertia
- Orbital and Artificial Gravity
Fluid Dynamics
4 topics
- Viscosity and Drag Force
- Terminal Velocity
- Equation of Continuity
- Bernoulli's Equation
Oscillations
4 topics
- Simple Harmonic Motion
- SHM and the Simple Pendulum
- Energy in SHM
- Free and Forced Oscillations
Waves
4 topics
- Progressive Waves
- Speed of Sound
- Stationary Waves
- Doppler Effect
Physical Optics
4 topics
- Interference of Light
- Young's Double Slit Experiment
- Diffraction Grating
- Polarization
Thermodynamics
4 topics
- Kinetic Theory of Gases
- First Law of Thermodynamics
- Molar Specific Heats
- Second Law and Entropy

ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective flashcards — 50 questions with answers

What is a physical quantity?
A quantity that can be measured and expressed as a numerical magnitude together with a unit (e.g. 5 metres).
What are base (fundamental) quantities, and how many are there in SI?
Quantities that cannot be defined in terms of others. There are seven SI base quantities: length, mass, time, electric current, temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.
List the seven SI base units with their symbols.
Metre (m) for length, kilogram (kg) for mass, second (s) for time, ampere (A) for current, kelvin (K) for temperature, mole (mol) for amount of substance, candela (cd) for luminous intensity.
What are derived quantities? Give two examples.
Quantities expressed in terms of base quantities. Examples: velocity (m/s) and force (newton = kg·m/s²).
What are supplementary SI units?
The radian (rad) for plane angle and the steradian (sr) for solid angle.
Define one radian.
The plane angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc equal in length to the radius (θ = s/r).
What is the steradian?
The solid angle subtended at the centre of a sphere by an area of its surface equal to the square of the radius (Ω = ΔA/r²).
What do the prefixes giga (G), mega (M), kilo (k), milli (m), micro (µ), and nano (n) represent?
G = 10⁹, M = 10⁶, k = 10³, m = 10⁻³, µ = 10⁻⁶, n = 10⁻⁹.
What is meant by an 'error' in measurement?
The difference between a measured value and the true (actual) value of a quantity.
Distinguish between systematic and random errors.
Systematic errors are consistent and repeatable (e.g. zero error, faulty calibration) and shift readings in one direction. Random errors are unpredictable fluctuations and can be reduced by repeating measurements and averaging.
What is uncertainty in a measurement?
The estimated range within which the true value of a measured quantity is expected to lie, expressed as ± a value (e.g. 25.0 ± 0.1 cm).
How is uncertainty handled when two quantities are added or subtracted?
The absolute uncertainties are added (the total absolute uncertainty is the sum of the individual absolute uncertainties).
How is uncertainty handled when quantities are multiplied or divided?
The percentage (fractional) uncertainties are added.
How does uncertainty behave when a quantity is raised to a power n?
The percentage uncertainty is multiplied by the power n (e.g. for r³, percentage uncertainty in volume = 3 × percentage uncertainty in r).
How do you find the uncertainty when averaging a number of repeated readings?
Uncertainty = (highest reading − lowest reading) / 2, i.e. half the range of the readings.
What is the uncertainty in a measurement made with a single analogue instrument?
Half of the smallest division (least count) of the instrument.
What are significant figures?
The accurately known digits in a measurement plus the first doubtful (estimated) digit.
Are zeros between non-zero digits significant? Example.
Yes, zeros between non-zero digits are always significant. In 7008 there are 4 significant figures.
Are leading zeros significant? Example.
No. Zeros to the left of the first non-zero digit are not significant. In 0.0023 there are 2 significant figures.
How many significant figures are in 6.40 × 10⁴, and why are trailing zeros after a decimal significant?
3 significant figures. Trailing zeros after a decimal point are significant because they indicate the precision of the measurement.

Show the other 30 Physics (Part I) - Elective flashcards

State the rule for significant figures when multiplying or dividing.
The result should have the same number of significant figures as the quantity with the fewest significant figures used in the calculation.
State the rule for significant figures when adding or subtracting.
The result is kept to the least number of decimal places among the quantities being added or subtracted.
What is the dimension of a physical quantity?
The power to which the base quantities (mass [M], length [L], time [T]) are raised to represent that quantity.
Write the dimensions of velocity, acceleration, and force.
Velocity = [LT⁻¹], acceleration = [LT⁻²], force = [MLT⁻²].
State the two main uses of dimensional analysis.
1) To check the homogeneity (correctness) of a physical equation. 2) To derive a possible relationship between physical quantities.
What is the principle of homogeneity of dimensions?
For an equation to be physically correct, the dimensions of every term on both sides must be the same.
What is the dimension of work/energy, and of power?
Work/energy = [ML²T⁻²]; power = [ML²T⁻³].
State the head-to-tail (graphical) rule for adding vectors.
Draw the vectors so that the tail of each successive vector starts at the head of the previous one; the resultant is drawn from the tail of the first vector to the head of the last.
How do you find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of two perpendicular vectors A and B?
Magnitude R = √(A² + B²); direction θ = tan⁻¹(B/A) measured from vector A.
What are the rectangular components of a vector A making angle θ with the x-axis?
Aₓ = A cos θ (horizontal component) and Aᵧ = A sin θ (vertical component).
How do you reconstruct a vector from its rectangular components Aₓ and Aᵧ?
Magnitude A = √(Aₓ² + Aᵧ²); direction θ = tan⁻¹(Aᵧ/Aₓ).
Define the scalar (dot) product of two vectors.
A·B = AB cos θ, where θ is the angle between them. The result is a scalar.
What are the dot products of the unit vectors î, ĵ, k̂ with themselves and with each other?
î·î = ĵ·ĵ = k̂·k̂ = 1; î·ĵ = ĵ·k̂ = k̂·î = 0.
Define the vector (cross) product of two vectors.
A×B = AB sin θ n̂, where θ is the angle between them and n̂ is a unit vector perpendicular to both, given by the right-hand rule. The result is a vector.
What are the cross products î×ĵ, ĵ×k̂, and k̂×î?
î×ĵ = k̂, ĵ×k̂ = î, k̂×î = ĵ (and reversing the order gives the negative).
Is the cross product commutative? What property does it have instead?
No. The cross product is anti-commutative: A×B = −(B×A).
Give one physical example each of a scalar product and a vector product.
Scalar product: work W = F·d. Vector product: torque τ = r×F (also angular momentum and magnetic force).
Define torque (moment of a force).
The turning effect of a force about a point or axis. τ = r × F, magnitude τ = rF sin θ; SI unit is the newton·metre (N·m).
State the first condition of equilibrium.
The vector sum of all forces acting on the body is zero: ΣFₓ = 0 and ΣFᵧ = 0 (no linear acceleration).
State the second condition of equilibrium.
The sum of all torques (clockwise and anticlockwise) acting on the body about any point is zero: Στ = 0 (no angular acceleration).
What is the difference between displacement and distance?
Distance is the total path length covered (a scalar). Displacement is the shortest straight-line directed distance from start to finish (a vector).
Define velocity and acceleration.
Velocity is the rate of change of displacement (a vector). Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity (a vector).
Write the three equations of uniformly accelerated motion.
vf = vi + at; S = vi·t + ½at²; 2aS = vf² − vi².
State Newton's first law of motion.
A body remains at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by a net external force (the law of inertia).
State Newton's second law of motion.
The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the applied force and acts in the direction of that force: F = ma.
State Newton's third law of motion.
To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction; the forces act on two different bodies.
Define linear momentum and give its SI unit.
Momentum p = mv, the product of mass and velocity (a vector). SI unit: kg·m/s.
Define impulse and state the impulse–momentum theorem.
Impulse = F·t (force × time it acts). The impulse–momentum theorem states impulse equals the change in momentum: F·t = mvf − mvi. SI unit: N·s.
State the law of conservation of momentum.
In the absence of an external force, the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant: m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂.
In projectile motion, what are the horizontal and vertical components of the initial velocity, and how do they behave?
Horizontal: vₓ = vi cos θ, constant (no acceleration). Vertical: vᵧ = vi sin θ, changing due to gravity g. Time of flight T = 2vi sinθ / g, maximum height H = (vi² sin²θ)/2g, and range R = (vi² sin2θ)/g, which is maximum at θ = 45°.

ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective FAQ

What is in the ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective syllabus?

ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective is split into 10 chapters: Measurements, Vectors and Equilibrium, Motion and Force, Work and Energy, Circular Motion, Fluid Dynamics, Oscillations, Waves, Physical Optics and Thermodynamics. Together they contain 40 topics.

How many chapters are in ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective?

10 chapters, containing 40 topics. The largest chapter is Measurements, with 4 topics.

Are there flashcards for ICS (Intermediate in Computer Science) Physics (Part I) - Elective?

Yes — a 50-card Physics (Part I) - Elective deck, printed in full in the flashcards section of this page and available in the Examius app with spaced repetition. The free plan covers one exam of your choice, including its flashcards; Examius Pro, a one-time purchase, unlocks every other exam and deck.