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AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir Syllabus

The History of Kashmir syllabus for AJKPSC Test in full: 6 chapters and 18 topics, every one listed below, plus 51 History of Kashmir flashcards with answers.

6Chapters
18Topics
51Flashcards

History of Kashmir syllabus: all 6 chapters

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics.

  1. Dogra Rule and the Treaty of Amritsar

     3 topics
    • Treaty of Amritsar 1846
    • Establishment of the Dogra State
    • Conditions of Muslims under Dogra Rule

  2. Muslim Awakening and Freedom Movements

     3 topics
    • Early Reform and Awakening Movements
    • The 1931 Central Jail Incident (13 July)
    • Formation of Political Parties

  3. Establishment of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

     3 topics
    • The 1947 Kashmir Conflict
    • Establishment of the AJK Government (1948)
    • Quaid-e-Azam and the Kashmir Cause

  4. Constitutional Development of AJK

     3 topics
    • Rules of Business and Interim Constitution
    • The 1974 AJK Interim Constitution Act
    • Elections and Political Development up to 1967

  5. The Kashmir Dispute

     3 topics
    • UN Resolutions on Kashmir
    • Right of Self-Determination
    • Line of Control and Indo-Pak Wars

  6. Geography and Development of AJK

     3 topics
    • Physical Geography and Districts
    • Natural Resources and Economy
    • Education and Social Development

AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir flashcards — 51 questions with answers

  1. When was the Treaty of Amritsar signed, and between whom?

    It was signed on 16 March 1846 between the British East India Company and Maharaja Gulab Singh of Jammu.

  2. Under the Treaty of Amritsar, how much did Gulab Singh pay the British for Kashmir, and what did he acquire?

    He paid 75 lakh Nanakshahi rupees and acquired sovereign possession of the territories east of the Indus and west of the Ravi (Kashmir Valley, Jammu, Ladakh, Gilgit), founding the Dogra State.

  3. From whom did the British acquire Kashmir before selling it under the Treaty of Amritsar?

    From the Sikh Empire (Lahore Darbar), under the Treaty of Lahore (1846) following the First Anglo-Sikh War.

  4. Why is the Treaty of Amritsar often called the 'Sale Deed' of Kashmir?

    Because the entire Muslim-majority region and its people were transferred to a Hindu Dogra ruler purely as a cash transaction (75 lakh rupees), without consent of the inhabitants.

  5. Who founded the Dogra dynasty that ruled Jammu and Kashmir until 1947?

    Maharaja Gulab Singh, who established the Dogra State in 1846 after the Treaty of Amritsar.

  6. Name the four Dogra Maharajas who ruled Jammu and Kashmir in order.

    Gulab Singh (1846), Ranbir Singh, Pratap Singh, and Hari Singh (the last, ruling at Partition in 1947).

  7. What annual token tribute did the Dogra ruler owe the British under the Treaty of Amritsar?

    One horse, twelve perfect shawl goats, and three pairs of Kashmiri (Cashmere) shawls, presented annually as acknowledgement of British supremacy.

  8. What were the general economic conditions of Muslims under Dogra rule?

    Muslims, the majority, faced heavy taxation, forced labour (begar), excessive land revenue, and exclusion from state services and education, leaving them impoverished and politically powerless.

  9. What was 'Begar' under Dogra rule in Kashmir?

    Begar was a system of forced, unpaid labour imposed mainly on Muslim peasants and porters by the Dogra state, a major grievance fuelling later resistance.

  10. Which professions were Kashmiri Muslims largely barred from under Dogra administration?

    They were largely excluded from government service, the army, and higher administrative posts, which were dominated by Dogras, Kashmiri Pandits, and Punjabis.

  11. What event is regarded as the starting point of the awakening movement among Kashmiri Muslims?

    The agitation over educated unemployment and discrimination in the late 1920s, crystallised by the Reading Room Party and the 13 July 1931 Central Jail incident.

  12. What was the 'Reading Room Party' in Kashmir?

    A group of educated young Muslims (formed around 1930 in Srinagar, including Sheikh Abdullah) who met to discuss grievances and organise political awakening against Dogra rule.

  13. What happened on 13 July 1931 in Srinagar (the Central Jail incident)?

    Dogra forces opened fire on a Muslim crowd outside Srinagar Central Jail during the trial of Abdul Qadeer, killing 22 Muslims; it became a defining moment of the Kashmiri freedom struggle.

  14. How is 13 July commemorated in Azad Jammu and Kashmir?

    As Youm-e-Shuhada-e-Kashmir (Kashmir Martyrs' Day), honouring the 22 martyrs killed in the 1931 Central Jail firing.

  15. Who was Abdul Qadeer, linked to the 13 July 1931 incident?

    A figure whose fiery speech against Dogra rule led to his arrest; the crowd gathered for his trial at Srinagar Central Jail was fired upon, producing the 22 martyrs.

  16. Which was the first major political party of Kashmiri Muslims, and when was it founded?

    The All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference, founded in 1932 with Sheikh Abdullah as president.

  17. In what year and to what was the Muslim Conference renamed, and why?

    In 1939 it was renamed the National Conference to broaden its base to all communities; this caused a split, and the Muslim Conference was revived in 1941 by leaders favouring accession to Pakistan.

  18. Which Kashmiri party supported accession to Pakistan, and which leaned toward India?

    The (revived) Muslim Conference supported accession to Pakistan, while Sheikh Abdullah's National Conference leaned toward India.

  19. What instrument did Maharaja Hari Singh sign in 1947, and what is the controversy?

    The Instrument of Accession (October 1947) to India; Pakistan disputes its validity, arguing the Muslim-majority state should have gone to Pakistan and that accession was conditional on a plebiscite.

  20. What triggered the 1947 Kashmir conflict?

    Maharaja Hari Singh's indecision and repression of Muslims sparked a revolt in Poonch and a tribal lashkar incursion from the NWFP in October 1947; the Maharaja then acceded to India, bringing in Indian troops.

Show the other 31 History of Kashmir flashcards

  1. What was 'Operation Gulmarg' associated with in 1947?

    The codename associated with the tribal (Pashtun lashkar) advance into Kashmir in October 1947 aimed at liberating the valley from Dogra rule.

  2. When was the Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) Government established, and where?

    On 24 October 1947, the provisional Azad Government of the State of Jammu and Kashmir was proclaimed (with Pallandri/Rawalakot area as its early base).

  3. Who was the first President of the Azad Kashmir Government in 1947?

    Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan, who proclaimed and led the first Azad Kashmir Government on 24 October 1947.

  4. What is the significance of 24 October in AJK?

    It is celebrated as the founding day of the Azad Government of the State of Jammu and Kashmir (1947).

  5. What was Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's stance on Kashmir?

    He regarded Kashmir as the 'jugular vein' of Pakistan and held that the Muslim-majority state should accede to Pakistan, with the people's right to decide their future.

  6. How did Jinnah describe Kashmir's importance to Pakistan?

    He called Kashmir the 'jugular vein' (shah rag) of Pakistan, underscoring its strategic and existential significance.

  7. What was the 'Rules of Business' in early Azad Kashmir governance?

    Administrative regulations defining how the Azad Kashmir government and its departments would function, used before a formal interim constitution was framed.

  8. What were the main interim constitutional arrangements of AJK before 1974?

    AJK was governed by the Rules of Business and the 1970 Azad Jammu and Kashmir Government Act, which set up a President and Legislative Assembly system.

  9. What is the AJK Interim Constitution Act of 1974?

    The basic governing law of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, enacted in 1974, establishing a parliamentary system with a President, Prime Minister, Legislative Assembly, and the AJK Council.

  10. Under the 1974 Interim Constitution, who is the head of state and who is head of government in AJK?

    The President is the constitutional head of state, and the Prime Minister is the head of government, elected by the Legislative Assembly.

  11. What body was created by the 1974 Act to link AJK with the federal government of Pakistan?

    The Azad Jammu and Kashmir Council, a supra-body (historically chaired by Pakistan's Prime Minister) overseeing certain legislative and executive matters.

  12. How many seats does the AJK Legislative Assembly traditionally have under the interim constitutional framework?

    The Assembly has 49 seats, including directly elected general seats, refugee seats (Kashmiris settled in Pakistan), and reserved seats for women, technocrats, etc.

  13. What characterised AJK elections and political development up to 1967?

    Early politics was dominated by the Muslim Conference, with limited franchise, presidential dominance, and frequent administrative reorganisation before the move toward fuller parliamentary structures.

  14. Which UN Security Council resolution of 1948 first set up a commission on Kashmir?

    Resolution 39 (20 January 1948), which established the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP).

  15. What did UN Security Council Resolution 47 (1948) call for on Kashmir?

    Adopted 21 April 1948, it called for a ceasefire, withdrawal of Pakistani and Indian forces, and a free and impartial plebiscite to determine accession to India or Pakistan.

  16. What did the UNCIP resolution of 5 January 1949 establish regarding Kashmir's future?

    It affirmed that the question of accession of Jammu and Kashmir would be decided through a free and impartial plebiscite.

  17. What is the core principle behind the 'Right of Self-Determination' for Kashmir?

    That the people of Jammu and Kashmir have the right to decide their own political future (accession to India or Pakistan) through a free and impartial plebiscite, as endorsed by UN resolutions.

  18. When was the Kashmir ceasefire line first established, and under what agreement?

    On 1 January 1949 (effective), formalised by the Karachi Agreement of 27 July 1949 as the Ceasefire Line between Indian- and Pakistani-held Kashmir.

  19. What is the Line of Control (LoC), and when did it replace the Ceasefire Line?

    The LoC is the de facto military boundary dividing Indian- and Pakistani-administered Kashmir; it was established by the Simla Agreement of 1972 (after the 1971 war), renaming the 1949 Ceasefire Line.

  20. List the major Indo-Pak wars fought over or involving Kashmir.

    The First Kashmir War (1947–48), the 1965 War, the 1971 War (leading to the Simla Agreement), and the Kargil conflict of 1999.

  21. What was the Simla Agreement of 1972 and its effect on Kashmir?

    A bilateral pact between India and Pakistan after the 1971 war that converted the Ceasefire Line into the Line of Control and committed both sides to resolve Kashmir bilaterally and peacefully.

  22. What was the Kargil conflict of 1999?

    An armed conflict between India and Pakistan in the Kargil district along the LoC, when fighters occupied high posts on the Indian side, escalating into limited war.

  23. In which mountain ranges does Azad Jammu and Kashmir mainly lie?

    In the foothills and ranges of the western Himalayas and the Pir Panjal range, a mountainous and largely north-south oriented terrain.

  24. Name the major rivers of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

    The Jhelum, Neelum (Kishanganga), and Poonch rivers are the principal rivers of AJK.

  25. What is the capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, and how many divisions/districts does it have?

    The capital is Muzaffarabad; AJK is organised into three divisions (Muzaffarabad, Poonch, Mirpur) comprising ten districts.

  26. List the districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

    Muzaffarabad, Neelum, Hattian Bala, Bagh, Poonch (Rawalakot), Haveli, Sudhnoti, Kotli, Mirpur, and Bhimber.

  27. What are the main natural resources of Azad Jammu and Kashmir?

    Forests (timber), abundant water for hydropower, minerals, fertile valleys for agriculture, and scenic landscapes supporting tourism.

  28. Which major hydroelectric project lies in Azad Jammu and Kashmir on the Neelum river?

    The Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Project, a key power-generation scheme harnessing the Neelum (Kishanganga) waters.

  29. What is the famous dam in Mirpur district of AJK and its significance?

    The Mangla Dam on the Jhelum river, one of Pakistan's largest dams, vital for water storage, irrigation, and hydroelectric power; its construction displaced much of old Mirpur.

  30. What is the economic backbone of Azad Jammu and Kashmir besides agriculture?

    Remittances from overseas AJK migrants (especially from Mirpur to the UK), tourism, forestry, and hydropower form major economic pillars alongside subsistence agriculture.

  31. How does Azad Jammu and Kashmir compare in literacy and education development within Pakistan?

    AJK has one of the highest literacy rates in the Pakistani region (well above the national average), reflecting strong investment in education and social development.

AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir FAQ

What is in the AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir syllabus?

AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir is split into 6 chapters: Dogra Rule and the Treaty of Amritsar, Muslim Awakening and Freedom Movements, Establishment of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Constitutional Development of AJK, The Kashmir Dispute and Geography and Development of AJK. Together they contain 18 topics.

How many chapters are in AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir?

6 chapters, containing 18 topics. The largest chapter is Dogra Rule and the Treaty of Amritsar, with 3 topics.

Are there flashcards for AJKPSC Test History of Kashmir?

Yes — a 51-card History of Kashmir deck, printed in full in the flashcards section of this page and available in the Examius app with spaced repetition. The free plan covers one exam of your choice, including its flashcards; Examius Pro, a one-time purchase, unlocks every other exam and deck.