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PN Cadet English Syllabus

The English syllabus for PN Cadet in full: 6 chapters and 17 topics, every one listed below, plus 50 English flashcards with answers.

6Chapters
17Topics
50Flashcards

English syllabus: all 6 chapters

Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics.

  1. Grammar

     4 topics
    • Parts of Speech
    • Tenses
    • Subject-Verb Agreement
    • Articles and Determiners

  2. Prepositions and Phrasal Verbs

     2 topics
    • Correct Use of Prepositions
    • Phrasal Verbs

  3. Voice and Narration

     2 topics
    • Active and Passive Voice
    • Direct and Indirect Speech

  4. Vocabulary

     4 topics
    • Synonyms
    • Antonyms
    • Idioms and Phrases
    • One Word Substitution

  5. Sentence Correction

     3 topics
    • Spotting Errors
    • Sentence Structure
    • Punctuation and Spelling

  6. Comprehension

     2 topics
    • Reading Passages
    • Inference and Main Idea

PN Cadet English flashcards — 50 questions with answers

  1. What are the eight parts of speech in English?

    Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, and Interjection.

  2. What is a noun, and what are its main types?

    A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea. Main types: Common, Proper, Collective, Abstract, Concrete, and Countable/Uncountable.

  3. What is the difference between an adjective and an adverb?

    An adjective modifies a noun or pronoun (e.g., a 'quick' runner), while an adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb (e.g., runs 'quickly').

  4. What is a conjunction, and name the three types.

    A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses. Types: Coordinating (and, but, or), Subordinating (because, although, if), and Correlative (either...or, neither...nor).

  5. What is the difference between a gerund and a participle?

    Both end in -ing. A gerund acts as a noun ('Swimming is fun'), while a present participle acts as an adjective or part of a verb ('the swimming pool', 'she is swimming').

  6. What are the three main verb tenses, and how many forms (aspects) does each have?

    Past, Present, and Future. Each has four forms: Simple, Continuous (Progressive), Perfect, and Perfect Continuous, giving 12 tenses in total.

  7. What is the structure of the Present Perfect tense?

    Subject + has/have + past participle (V3). Example: 'She has finished her work.'

  8. What is the structure of the Past Continuous tense?

    Subject + was/were + present participle (V-ing). Example: 'They were playing football.'

  9. What is the structure of the Future Perfect tense?

    Subject + will have + past participle (V3). Example: 'I will have completed the task by noon.'

  10. Which tense is used for a habitual or universal-truth action, and give the structure?

    The Simple Present tense. Structure: Subject + base verb (add -s/-es for he/she/it). Example: 'The sun rises in the east.'

  11. What is the structure of the Present Perfect Continuous tense?

    Subject + has/have + been + present participle (V-ing). Example: 'He has been studying for three hours.'

  12. What is the basic rule of Subject-Verb Agreement?

    A singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject takes a plural verb. Example: 'He runs' vs. 'They run.'

  13. In Subject-Verb Agreement, what verb form do two subjects joined by 'and' usually take?

    They take a plural verb. Example: 'Tom and Jerry are friends.' (Exception: when the two nouns refer to a single idea, e.g., 'Bread and butter is my breakfast.')

  14. When subjects are joined by 'either...or' or 'neither...nor', which subject governs the verb?

    The verb agrees with the subject nearer to it. Example: 'Neither the boys nor the girl is present.'

  15. Do collective nouns like 'team', 'jury', and 'committee' take a singular or plural verb?

    Usually singular when acting as one unit ('The team is winning'), but plural when members act individually ('The team are arguing among themselves').

  16. What verb form do words like 'each', 'every', 'everyone', 'somebody', and 'none' take?

    A singular verb. Example: 'Each of the students has a book.'

  17. What are the two types of articles, and what does each indicate?

    Definite article 'the' (refers to a specific noun) and Indefinite articles 'a/an' (refer to a non-specific, singular countable noun).

  18. When do you use 'a' versus 'an'?

    Use 'a' before a consonant sound and 'an' before a vowel sound. It depends on sound, not spelling: 'an hour', 'a university'.

  19. What is a determiner, and give four categories of determiners.

    A determiner introduces a noun and specifies quantity/identity. Categories: Articles (a, an, the), Demonstratives (this, that), Possessives (my, your), and Quantifiers (some, many, few).

  20. What is the difference between 'few', 'a few', and 'the few'?

    'Few' means hardly any (negative). 'A few' means some (positive). 'The few' means the small number that exists. Used with countable nouns.

Show the other 30 English flashcards

  1. What is a preposition?

    A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relationship (of time, place, direction, etc.) to another word in the sentence, e.g., 'in', 'on', 'at', 'by'.

  2. What is the rule for using 'in', 'on', and 'at' for time?

    'At' for precise times (at 5 PM), 'on' for days and dates (on Monday), 'in' for months, years, and longer periods (in 2026).

  3. Which preposition follows the words 'good', 'bad', and 'expert'?

    'At'. Example: 'good at maths', 'bad at lying', 'expert at chess.'

  4. What preposition is used with 'agree' depending on context?

    'Agree with' a person, 'agree to' a proposal/plan, and 'agree on' a topic/decision.

  5. What is the difference between 'between' and 'among'?

    'Between' is used for two persons or things; 'among' is used for more than two. Example: 'between you and me' vs. 'among the students.'

  6. What is a phrasal verb?

    A phrasal verb is a verb combined with a preposition or adverb (particle) that creates a meaning different from the original verb. Example: 'give up' = quit.

  7. What does the phrasal verb 'put off' mean?

    To postpone or delay. Example: 'They put off the meeting until next week.'

  8. What does the phrasal verb 'call off' mean?

    To cancel. Example: 'The match was called off due to rain.'

  9. What does the phrasal verb 'look after' mean?

    To take care of. Example: 'She looks after her younger brother.'

  10. What does the phrasal verb 'break down' mean?

    To stop functioning (machine) or to lose emotional control. Example: 'The car broke down on the highway.'

  11. What does the phrasal verb 'carry out' mean?

    To perform or complete a task. Example: 'The soldiers carried out the orders.'

  12. What is the difference between active and passive voice?

    In active voice, the subject performs the action ('The cat chased the mouse'). In passive voice, the subject receives the action ('The mouse was chased by the cat').

  13. What is the general rule for converting active voice to passive voice?

    The object becomes the subject, the verb changes to the appropriate form of 'be' + past participle, and the original subject is introduced by 'by' (often omitted).

  14. How is the passive voice of the Simple Present tense formed?

    is/am/are + past participle (V3). Active: 'She writes a letter.' Passive: 'A letter is written by her.'

  15. How is the passive voice of the Past Continuous tense formed?

    was/were + being + past participle (V3). Active: 'He was driving the car.' Passive: 'The car was being driven by him.'

  16. How is a passive sentence formed with a modal verb (e.g., 'can', 'must')?

    modal + be + past participle (V3). Active: 'You must finish it.' Passive: 'It must be finished by you.'

  17. What is the difference between Direct and Indirect (Reported) Speech?

    Direct speech quotes the exact words inside quotation marks ('He said, "I am tired"'). Indirect speech reports the meaning without quotation marks ('He said that he was tired').

  18. In reported speech, how do present tenses generally change when the reporting verb is in the past?

    They shift one step back: Simple Present to Simple Past, Present Continuous to Past Continuous, and Present Perfect to Past Perfect.

  19. In indirect speech, how do 'now', 'today', and 'tomorrow' change?

    'Now' becomes 'then', 'today' becomes 'that day', and 'tomorrow' becomes 'the next day / the following day'.

  20. What reporting verb and connector are used to change an interrogative (question) sentence into indirect speech?

    'Said to' changes to 'asked/enquired'. Yes/no questions use 'if/whether'; wh-questions keep the wh-word. The sentence becomes a statement (no question mark).

  21. How is an imperative (command/request) sentence reported in indirect speech?

    Use a verb like 'ordered', 'told', 'requested', 'advised' + object + to + base verb. Example: He said, 'Sit down' to 'He told me to sit down.'

  22. What is a synonym? Give a synonym for 'brave'.

    A synonym is a word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. A synonym for 'brave' is 'courageous' (or valiant, bold, fearless).

  23. Give a one-word synonym for each: 'happy', 'big', 'fast'.

    'Happy' = joyful; 'big' = enormous (large); 'fast' = rapid (swift).

  24. What is a synonym for the word 'abundant'?

    Plentiful (also: ample, copious, profuse).

  25. What is an antonym? Give the antonym of 'ancient'.

    An antonym is a word with the opposite meaning. The antonym of 'ancient' is 'modern'.

  26. Give the antonyms of these words: 'expand', 'transparent', 'humble'.

    'Expand' to 'contract'; 'transparent' to 'opaque'; 'humble' to 'arrogant (proud)'.

  27. What does the idiom 'a blessing in disguise' mean?

    Something that seems bad at first but results in something good. Example: 'Losing that job was a blessing in disguise.'

  28. What does the idiom 'to bite the bullet' mean?

    To endure a painful or difficult situation with courage; to face something unavoidable bravely.

  29. What does the idiom 'once in a blue moon' mean?

    Something that happens very rarely. Example: 'He visits us once in a blue moon.'

  30. What is a 'one-word substitution' for 'a person who eats too much'?

    A glutton. (And the term for 'a place where weapons are stored' is an arsenal/armoury; 'one who studies the stars' is an astronomer.)

PN Cadet English FAQ

What is in the PN Cadet English syllabus?

PN Cadet English is split into 6 chapters: Grammar, Prepositions and Phrasal Verbs, Voice and Narration, Vocabulary, Sentence Correction and Comprehension. Together they contain 17 topics.

How many chapters are in PN Cadet English?

6 chapters, containing 17 topics. The largest chapter is Grammar, with 4 topics.

Are there flashcards for PN Cadet English?

Yes — a 50-card English deck, printed in full in the flashcards section of this page and available in the Examius app with spaced repetition. The free plan covers one exam of your choice, including its flashcards; Examius Pro, a one-time purchase, unlocks every other exam and deck.