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🇮🇳 ICSE Class 9 · subject
ICSE Class 9 Chemistry Syllabus
The Chemistry syllabus for ICSE Class 9 in full: 1 chapter and 5 topics, every one listed below, plus 51 Chemistry flashcards with answers.
Chemistry syllabus: 1 chapter, 5 topics
Expand any chapter to see its topics and sub-topics.
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ICSE Class 9 Chemistry
5 topics- Matter
- Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
- Atomic Structure
- Language of Chemistry
- Physical and Chemical Changes
ICSE Class 9 Chemistry flashcards — 51 questions with answers
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space (has volume) and has mass.
What are the three physical states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
How do the intermolecular spaces and forces of attraction compare across solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids: least space, strongest force. Liquids: more space, weaker force. Gases: maximum space, negligible force.
What is the change of a solid directly into vapour (gas) without becoming a liquid called?
Sublimation (e.g. camphor, naphthalene, iodine, ammonium chloride).
Name the change of state: liquid to gas, and gas to liquid.
Liquid to gas = vaporization (evaporation/boiling); gas to liquid = condensation.
Name the change of state: solid to liquid, and liquid to solid.
Solid to liquid = melting (fusion); liquid to solid = freezing (solidification).
What is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid called?
Its melting point.
What is diffusion?
The spontaneous intermixing of particles of two substances due to their constant random motion; fastest in gases, slowest in solids.
How does temperature affect the rate of evaporation and diffusion?
An increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles, so both evaporation and diffusion occur faster.
State two effects on particles when a substance is heated.
Particles gain kinetic energy, move faster, and intermolecular spaces increase (the substance generally expands or changes state).
What is an element?
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom that cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means.
What is a compound?
A pure substance formed when two or more elements combine chemically in a fixed proportion by mass.
What is a mixture?
A substance containing two or more pure substances mixed in any proportion without chemical combination.
State three key differences between a compound and a mixture.
Compound: components combined chemically, fixed ratio, new properties, separated only chemically. Mixture: components mixed physically, any ratio, retains components' properties, separated physically.
What is the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture?
Homogeneous has a uniform composition throughout (e.g. salt solution); heterogeneous has a non-uniform composition with visibly distinct parts (e.g. sand and iron filings).
What are the three types of elements based on properties?
Metals, non-metals, and metalloids.
Give two physical properties of metals and two of non-metals.
Metals: malleable, ductile, good conductors, lustrous. Non-metals: brittle, generally poor conductors, dull (except graphite/diamond).
Which separation method separates an insoluble solid from a liquid?
Filtration.
Which method separates a soluble solid (solute) from its solvent by evaporating the solvent?
Evaporation / crystallization.
Which method separates two miscible liquids with different boiling points?
Fractional distillation (simple distillation for a solvent from a solute).
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Which technique uses a separating funnel and why?
Separation of two immiscible liquids of different densities (e.g. oil and water), which form distinct layers.
What is chromatography used to separate?
The different coloured components (solutes) dissolved in a solvent, e.g. dyes in ink.
What is the smallest particle of an element that takes part in a chemical reaction?
An atom.
Name the three fundamental sub-atomic particles and their charges.
Proton (positive), electron (negative), and neutron (no charge / neutral).
Where are protons, neutrons, and electrons located in an atom?
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus; electrons revolve around the nucleus in shells (orbits).
What is the atomic number (Z) of an element?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom).
What is the mass number (A) of an atom?
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus (A = protons + neutrons).
How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?
Number of neutrons = Mass number (A) − Atomic number (Z).
What is the maximum number of electrons a shell can hold according to the 2n^2 rule?
2n^2, where n is the shell number: K=2, L=8, M=18, N=32.
What is the maximum number of electrons that the outermost shell can hold?
8 electrons (the octet rule); the valence shell cannot hold more than 8.
What are valence electrons?
The electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom; they determine the atom's valency and chemical behaviour.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers (different number of neutrons), e.g. hydrogen-1, deuterium, tritium.
What are isobars?
Atoms of different elements having the same mass number but different atomic numbers, e.g. Ar-40 and Ca-40.
Write the electronic configuration of magnesium (Z = 12).
2, 8, 2 (K=2, L=8, M=2).
What is valency?
The combining capacity of an element, i.e. the number of electrons an atom loses, gains, or shares to achieve a stable (octet) configuration.
What is a symbol in chemistry?
A short abbreviation used to represent one atom of an element, e.g. H for hydrogen, Na for sodium (from Latin natrium).
What is the chemical formula of a substance?
A representation of a molecule using symbols and subscripts showing the kinds and numbers of atoms present, e.g. H2O.
What is a radical (ion)?
An atom or group of atoms carrying a net positive or negative charge that acts as a single unit in reactions, e.g. SO4^2-, NH4^+.
State the valencies of the radicals sulphate, nitrate, and carbonate.
Sulphate (SO4) = 2, nitrate (NO3) = 1, carbonate (CO3) = 2.
Write the chemical formulas of: calcium oxide, sodium chloride, and carbon dioxide.
Calcium oxide = CaO; sodium chloride = NaCl; carbon dioxide = CO2.
Write the chemical formula of calcium hydroxide and ammonium sulphate.
Calcium hydroxide = Ca(OH)2; ammonium sulphate = (NH4)2SO4.
What is a chemical equation?
A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using formulas of reactants and products separated by an arrow.
Why must a chemical equation be balanced?
To obey the law of conservation of mass: the number of atoms of each element must be equal on both sides of the equation.
What do the symbols (s), (l), (g), and (aq) indicate in an equation?
Solid, liquid, gas, and aqueous (dissolved in water) states of the substances.
What is a physical change?
A temporary, usually reversible change in which no new substance is formed and only physical properties (state, shape, size) change, e.g. melting of ice.
What is a chemical change?
A permanent, usually irreversible change in which one or more new substances with new properties are formed, e.g. burning of paper or rusting of iron.
Give three observable signs that a chemical change has occurred.
Change in colour, evolution of a gas, formation of a precipitate, or a change in temperature/energy (heat or light).
State two key differences between physical and chemical changes.
Physical change: no new substance formed, easily reversible. Chemical change: new substance(s) formed, generally irreversible and accompanied by an energy change.
Is the burning of a candle a physical change, a chemical change, or both? Explain.
Both: the melting of wax is a physical change, while the burning of the wax vapour (combustion) is a chemical change.
What chemical change occurs in iron exposed to moist air, and what is the product?
Rusting, in which iron reacts with oxygen and water to form hydrated iron(III) oxide (rust), Fe2O3·xH2O.
Is dissolving sugar in water a physical or chemical change, and why?
A physical change, because no new substance is formed and the sugar can be recovered by evaporating the water.
ICSE Class 9 Chemistry FAQ
What is in the ICSE Class 9 Chemistry syllabus?
ICSE Class 9 Chemistry is split into 1 chapter: ICSE Class 9 Chemistry. Together they contain 5 topics.
How many chapters are in ICSE Class 9 Chemistry?
1 chapter, containing 5 topics.
Are there flashcards for ICSE Class 9 Chemistry?
Yes — a 51-card Chemistry deck, printed in full in the flashcards section of this page and available in the Examius app with spaced repetition. The free plan covers one exam of your choice, including its flashcards; Examius Pro, a one-time purchase, unlocks every other exam and deck.